Apoptosis of human gastric carcinoma MGC-803 cells induced by a novel Astragalus membranaceus polysaccharide via intrinsic mitochondrial pathways

Jing

et al. 2019

Basic Clin Pharma Tox

Chronic overexposure to manganese (Mn) has been verified to induce mitochondrial dysfunction, which is related to oxidative damage. The autophagic‐lysosomal degradation pathway plays a vital role in the removal of impaired mitochondria through a specific quality control mechanism termed mitophagy. However, trehalose functions as an inducer of autophagy by an mTOR‐independent mechanism, and little data report its effect on Mn‐induced mitochondrial dysfunction. To explore the possibility that trehalose could be effective in interfering with the Mn‐induced mitochondrial dysfunction, we used trehalose (2% and 4% (g/vol (mL))) in a mouse model of manganism. Our data showed that mice developed weary motor and behavioural deficits after exposure to Mn for 6 weeks. Overexposure to Mn resulted in mitochondrial dysfunction and neuronal cell damage in the basal nuclei of mice, which could be ameliorated by trehalose pre‐treatment. Moreover, our results indicated that trehalose pre‐treatment significantly reduced the oxidative damage and enhanced the activation of mitophagy. The findings clearly demonstrated that trehalose could relieve Mn‐induced mitochondrial and neuronal cell damage through its antioxidative and mitophagy‐inducing effects.

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Effect of trehalose on manganese‐induced mitochondrial dysfunction and neuronal cell damage in mice

Jing

et al. 2019

Basic Clin Pharma Tox

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

“…erefore, our study showed that Qihuang decoction combined with EN could make up for the deficiency of EN alone. Astragalus polysaccharide can induce apoptosis of gastric cancer MGC-803 cells by blocking the S phase cell cycle and interfering with the mitochondrial intrinsic apoptotic pathway from modern pharmacological studies [40]. Atractylodes polysaccharide can promote the lymphocyte into the S phase and G2/M phase and increase the concentration of CD4 + and CD8 + in T lymphocytes and it is positively correlated with its concentration [41].…”

Section: Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicinementioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Qihuang Decoction Combined with Enteral Nutrition on Postoperative Gastric Cancer of Nutrition and Immune Function

Zhou

Peng

et al. 2020

Objective. Early nutritional support in patients with gastric cancer can improve their nutritional status, but the impact on immune function has not been confirmed. is study aimed to analyze the effects of Qihuang decoction combined with enteral nutrition on nutrition and the immune function of postoperative gastric cancer. Methods. 120 patients with postoperative gastric cancer in the study group and 117 in the control group were selected as the study subjects from our hospital at random. Indications of nutrition and immune and the rates of complications were compared the day before surgery and 1, 3, 7, and 14 days after surgery. Results. Indications of nutrition except hemoglobin (HB) in the study group were significantly higher than those before operation and the albumin (ALB) and prealbumin (TP) were significantly increased 7 and 14 days after surgery (P < 0.001 and P < 0.001 versus P < 0.001 and P < 0.001) and the protein (PA) 3, 7, and 14 days after surgery (P � 0.011, P � 0.002, and P � 0.022) in the study group compared to those in the control group. Cellular and humoral immunity indications in the study group are significantly higher than those before operation compared to those in the control group, and the CD3 + , CD4 + , and CD4 + /CD8 + were significantly increased 7 and 14 days after surgery (P � 0.027 and P < 0.001 versus P � 0.008 and P < 0.001 versus P � 0.010 and P < 0.001) and IgA, IgG, and IgM 3, 7, and 14 days after surgery in the study group (P < 0.001, P < 0.001, and P < 0.001 versus P < 0.001, P < 0.002, and P < 0.001 versus P < 0.001, P < 0.001, and P < 0.001). e complications such as abdominal, lung, wound, and urinary infection were also significantly decreased (P χ 2 � 0.017; P χ 2 � 0.036; P χ 2 � 0.041; P χ 2 � 0.004). Conclusions. Qihuang decoction combined with enteral nutrition can promote the absorption of enteral nutrition with improving the immune and reducing complications of infection.

“…The following conclusion can be drawn from Table 1: (1) Xylcose residues were presented as 1,2,3,4-linked Xylp residues; (2) Arabinose residues were presented as 1,4-linked Arap residues; (3) Glucose residues were presented as 1,4-linked Glcp residues. The 1 H NMR, 13 C NMR, HMBC, and HSQC spectra of AX-I-3b are shown in Figure 6. The signals of AX-I-3b in 1D NMR ( 1 H NMR, 13 C NMR) and 2 D NMR (HMQC, HMBC) were analyzed based on the chemical shift of the glycosyl group.…”

Section: Chemical Properties Of Ax-i-3bmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chemical shifts of glycosyl 1 H and 13 C in AX-I-3b. 13 C NMR, HMBC, and HSQC spectra of AX-I-3b are shown in Figure 6. The signals of AX-I-3b in 1D NMR ( 1 H NMR, 13 C NMR) and 2 D NMR (HMQC, HMBC) were analyzed based on the chemical shift of the glycosyl group.…”

Section: Chemical Properties Of Ax-i-3bmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Extraction, Characterization, Antitumor and Immunological Activities of Hemicellulose Polysaccharide from Astragalus radix Herb Residue

Wang

et al. 2019

Molecules

Astragalus radix (radix) have been frequently used for clinical application in China, and the herb residues of radix turn out to be a waste of resources. To escape from this, the medicine value of radix herb residues is mined in this article. We isolated hemicellulose polysaccharide AX-I-3b from radix herb residues by fractional extraction. Monosaccharide-composition analysis revealed that AX-I-3b consisted of arabinose, xylose, and glucose with a molar ratio of 10.4:79.3:1.1. Methylation, NMR and FT-IR analyses showed that AX-I-3b monosaccharide residue was linked as follows: →2,3,4)-β-d-Xylp-(1→, →4)-β-d-Arap-(1→, →4)-β-d-Glcp-(1→. Then, we found that AX-I-3b exhibited antitumor activity against lung cancer in vitro and vivo through MTT assay and xenograft tumor model. Mechanistically, AX-I-3b induced apoptosis in lung cancer cells and xenograft tumors, which is evidenced by the up-regulation of p53, Bax and cleaved caspase-3, and the down-regulation of Bcl-2. Moreover, AX-I-3b synergistically improved the therapeutic ability of cisplatin in xenograft tumors model. Furthermore, AX-I-3b treatment effectively improved the immune organ index, the percentage of spleen lymphocyte subsets and serum cytokine levels in lung cancer mice, supporting that AX-I-3b showed immunomodulatory activity. In conclusion, our results identified AX-I-3b as an antitumor and immunomodulatory agent, providing a new insight into the reutilization of radix herb residue.