Apoptotic Marker Alternations in the Spleen of Experimentally Hyperthyroid and Hypothyroid Rat.

Abstract

Apoptosis plays a critical role in the development and homeostasis of multicellular organisms, especially those with high cell turnover such as the lymphoid system. The current study aimed to examined the effects of changes in thyroid hormones on apoptosis of spleen in male rats. 30 rats were equally divided into three groups (10 animals each). G 1 , control group in which animals did not received any treatment; G 2 , Hypothyroid group in which rats received 0.05% 6-n-propyl-2-thiouracil (PTU) in drinking water for 6 weeks; G 3 , Hyperthyroid group in which rats received 100 µg/Kg L-Thyroxin sodium administration in drinking water for 6 weeks. In the present study; serum T 3 and T 4 concentrations were depressed and serum TSH concentration was significantly elevated in rats receiving PTU-induced hypothyroidism. On the other hand; serum T 3 and T 4 concentrations were significantly elevated and serum TSH concentration was depressed in rats receiving L-Thyroxin sodium-induced hyperthyroidism. In the current study; spleen in both hypothyroid and hyperthyroid rats revealed many of abnormalities as marked disruption of spleen structure, loss in distinction between the white and red pulps, degeneration and vacuolation with an increased in the lymphocyte population. Also, a significant increase in p53 and Caspase3 apoptotic cells and a significant decrease in Bcl-2 antiapoptotic cells in the spleen tissues revealed the possibility of the apoptosis occurrence after PTU or Thyroxin administration in the case of hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism.

Costus Root Extract Alleviates Blood Biochemical Derangements of Experimentally-Induced Hypo- and Hyperthyroidism in Mice

“…Table (1) showed that serum T 3 and thyroitropin (TSH) levels were significantly decreased (p<.05) and increased (p<.05), respectively in hypothyroid mice (G3) as compared to control and costus groups (G1&G2). Meanwhile, serum T 3 and TSH levels showed significant increase and decrease, respectively in hyperthyroid mice (G4) as compared to control and costus groups (G1&2).…”

“…On the other hand, treatment of mice with costus extract improved serum T 4 to be around normal levels (Table 1). As shown in Table (1), the cotreatment of both hypo-and hyperthyroid mice with costus extract modulates disturbed thyroid hormones toward normal levels of the control.…”

“…Thyroxine and tri-iodothyronine (T 4 & T 3 ) are thyroid hormones that essential for normal organ development and metabolic functions [1][2][3][4]. They regulate all metabolic activities such as growth rate, sodium/potassium pump, cholesterol secretion in the bile, heart rate, blood pressure, respiration, oxygen consumption, digestion strength, lipid, carbohydrate and protein metabolism, central nervous system function, and the actions of other endocrine glands and metabolic functions.…”