Apparatus for Optical Studies to Very High Pressures*

Fitch, R. A.; Slykhouse, Thomas E.; Drickamer, H. G.

doi:10.1364/josa.47.001015

Cited by 147 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The unenriched iron in the ferrichrome A was replaced by enriched iron by the method of Neilands (3). The techniques used in the high-pressure studies, M6ssbauer resonance and optical absorption, have been described (9)(10)(11).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Pressure on the Electronic Structure of Ferric Hydroxamates and Ferrichrome A

Grenoble

Drickamer

1971

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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The effect of pressure up to 175 kilobars on the electronic structure of three ferric hydroxamates and on ferrichrome A has been studied by optical absorption and Missbauer resonance. The ferric ion was reduced to ferrous ion with pressure, as has been previously observed for various compounds. For the hydroxamates, the amount of reduction correlated very well with the location and shift of the metal-to-ligand charge transfer peak. This is entirely consistent with a previously presented theory. The results for ferrichrome A did not fit quantitatively into the series. Since the shape of the potential well is almost certainly different for this compound, this result is not surprising.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Pressure on the Electronic Structure of Ferric Hydroxamates and Ferrichrome A

Grenoble

Drickamer

1971

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…This additional support given to truncated cone-type anvils makes such anvils useful at still higher pressures. A design embodying this principle has been described by Fitch, Slykhous and Drickamer (1957). This particular device is suitable for optical studies at room temperatures at pressures to 200,000 atmospheres.…”

Section: Perspectives In Materials Resbarchmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Maximum use of these principles seems to have been achieved in the Tetrahedral Anvil device. The principle of pseudo-multistaging as used in Drickamer's device (Fitch, et al, 1957) has, however, not been fully exploited and it is believed that experiments with this principle in connection with the Tetrahedral Anvil device would eventually allow pressures as high as 300,000 to 400,000 atmospheres to be obtained. If an engineering material such as a cemented diamond powder with a compressive strength of 1,250,000 pounds per square inch could be made it would seem reasonable to expect that pressures of 500,000 to 600,000 atmospheres could be obtained in a pseudomultistaged Tetrahedral Anvil apparatus.…”

Section: Possibilities Of Higher Pressures For the Futurementioning

confidence: 99%

Perspectives in Materials Research

Himmel¹,

Harwood²,

Harris³

et al. 1963

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“…In turn, the pressure results will be of interest to a large number of workers. Addi tionally, high pressure is especially useful for studying the alkali halides, The cell used in this laboratory is of the Drickamer supported taper design [6,7]. It is a Bridgman anvil device which employs a compressible 4 medium (sodium chloride in these optical studies) between the tapered pis tons.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Luminescent decay and spectra of impurity-activated alkali halides under high pressure

Klick

1977

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The effect of high pressure on the luminescence of alkali halides doped with the transition-metal ions Cu+ and Ag+ and the heavy-metal ions In+ and Tl+ was investigated to 140 kbar. Measurement of spectra allowed the prediction of kinetic properties, and the predictions agree with life time data.In view of the localized nature of the electronic transitions, a pressure-dependent single configuration coordinate model is used to inter pret the luminescence data. While pressure affects the volume, it also couples to the nontota1ly symmetric coordinates that determine the life time in the phosphors studied here. Luminescent kinetics are governed by the assistance of odd phonons for Cu+ and Ag+, and by Jahn-Te11er dis tortions for In+ and Tl+.Analysis of room-temperature measurements of emission peak location and peak ha1fwidth yields parameters characteristic of the potential wells of transition-metal ions in alkali halides. Using a pressure-dependent model of phonon-assisted transitions, these parameters predict the change in lifetime with pressure. Agreement between calculation and the experi mentally determined lifetime is reasonable. The possibilities and limi tations of the analysis are discussed.Measurements of steady-state intensity and lifetime were made over a range of pressures (4 to 60 kbar) and temperatures (100 to 3oo 0 K) for five a'ikali halide crystals doped with In+ and n+. The emission spectrum is a doublet (or a triplet in the case of CsI:Tl), caused by a Jahn-Teller splitting of the excited state. The relative intensity distribution of the spectral peaks as a function of temperature and pressure determines the parameters for a model of two levels in "dynamic equilibrium." The same model predicts lifetime changes with temperature and pressure which are in excellent agreement with the data for the In+-doped compounds. For the Tl+-doped compounds, metastable states control the lifetime, and para meters are extracted from the data for a multi-level model. Level splittings, level degeneracies, and intrinsic radiative rates are among the parameters determined in this study.Lifetimes were found from low-light level decay curves recorded after pulsed light excitation. A signal-averaging transient digitizer was used for lifetimes from one microsecond to five seconds. The s'ingle-photon counting method was employed for fast lifetimes of one hundred nanoseconds to fifty microseconds. INTRODUCTIONThe impurity-activated alkali halides have been studied extensively.The specific impurities investigated in this work are the transition-metal ions Cu+ and Ag+, and the heavy-metal ions In+ and T1+. Incorporating such an ion into the alkali halide lattice greatly alters its optical properties, causing the host to absorb light in spectral regions where it had been transparent before doping. Typically, the absorbed light is emitted as luminescence, the characteristics of which are specific to the particular impurity. The property of luminescence had led to the wide spread use of these phosphors {particularly CsI:Tl} ...

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Apparatus for Optical Studies to Very High Pressures*

Cited by 147 publications

References 2 publications

Effect of Pressure on the Electronic Structure of Ferric Hydroxamates and Ferrichrome A

Effect of Pressure on the Electronic Structure of Ferric Hydroxamates and Ferrichrome A

Perspectives in Materials Research

Luminescent decay and spectra of impurity-activated alkali halides under high pressure

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