Apparent absence of stroke and ischaemic heart disease in a traditional Melanesian island: a clinical study in Kitava

Lindeberg, Staffan; Lundh, Björn L.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2796.1993.tb00986.x

Cited by 110 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…A Palaeolithic diet includes lean meat, fish, shellfish, fruits, vegetables, roots, eggs and nuts, but not grains, dairy products, salt or refined fats and sugar, which became staple foods long after the appearance of fully modern humans. We found that traditional Pacific Islanders of Kitava, Papua New Guinea, had no signs of IHD, stroke or markers of the metabolic syndrome, possibly because of their traditional lifestyle [27][28][29]. In the present study, we examined the effect of dietary advice according to this Palaeolithic diet model on glucose tolerance and postchallenge insulin response in glucose-intolerant IHD patients recruited from a Coronary Care Unit, compared with dietary advice according to standard clinical practice.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

A Palaeolithic diet improves glucose tolerance more than a Mediterranean-like diet in individuals with ischaemic heart disease

et al. 2007

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Aims/hypothesis Most studies of diet in glucose intolerance and type 2 diabetes have focused on intakes of fat, carbohydrate, fibre, fruits and vegetables. Instead, we aimed to compare diets that were available during human evolution with more recently introduced ones. Methods Twenty-nine patients with ischaemic heart disease plus either glucose intolerance or type 2 diabetes were randomised to receive (1) a Palaeolithic ('Old Stone Age') diet (n=14), based on lean meat, fish, fruits, vegetables, root vegetables, eggs and nuts; or (2) a Consensus (Mediterranean-like) diet (n=15), based on whole grains, low-fat dairy products, vegetables, fruits, fish, oils and margarines. Primary outcome variables were changes in weight, waist circumference and plasma glucose AUC (AUC Glucose 0-120 ) and plasma insulin AUC (AUC Insulin 0-120 ) in OGTTs. Results Over 12 weeks, there was a 26% decrease of AUC Glucose 0-120 (p=0.0001) in the Palaeolithic group and a 7% decrease (p=0.08) in the Consensus group. The larger (p= 0.001) improvement in the Palaeolithic group was independent (p=0.0008) of change in waist circumference (−5.6 cm in the Palaeolithic group, −2.9 cm in the Consensus group; p=0.03). In the study population as a whole, there was no relationship between change in AUC Glucose 0-120 and changes in weight (r=−0.06, p=0.9) or waist circumference (r=0.01, p=1.0). There was a tendency for a larger decrease of AUC Insulin 0-120 in the Palaeolithic group, but because of the strong association between change in AUC Insulin 0-120 and change in waist circumference (r=0.64, p=0.0003), this did not remain after multivariate analysis. Conclusions/interpretation A Palaeolithic diet may improve glucose tolerance independently of decreased waist circumference.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

A Palaeolithic diet improves glucose tolerance more than a Mediterranean-like diet in individuals with ischaemic heart disease

et al. 2007

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“…14,15 Kitavans have low levels of serum insulin, 16 plasma plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 activity, 17 and leptin, 18 which suggests high insulin sensitivity throughout life. A moderately high level of physical activity, roughly 1.7 multiples of basal metabolic rate in male subjects, is another characteristic feature.…”

Section: General Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acne Vulgaris

Cordain¹,

Lindeberg²,

Hurtado³

et al. 2002

Arch Dermatol

428

106

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“…7 In a recent review, 5 CAD accounted for only 6% of all forms of cardiovascular disease in black Africans. In South Africa (Soweto, population 3 to 4 million), CAD accounts for Ͻ1% of deaths.…”

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Ischemic Heart Disease in Black South African Stroke Patients

Joubert

McLean²,

Reid

et al. 2000

Stroke

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Background and Purpose-Stroke patients in western countries frequently have coronary artery disease (CAD). In black Africans, CAD has been reported as being rare in both stroke patients and the general population. In this study, an attempt has been made to determine the prevalence of CAD in a black South African stroke population. Methods-The prevalence of CAD was determined by indicators identified through a series of 5 observational studies in black patients diagnosed with stroke. CAD indicators included (1) bedside diagnosis in 741 patients; (2) resting ECG in 555 consecutively admitted patients; (3) a combination of clinical examination, cardiac ultrasound, radionuclide scintigraphy, and multigated blood pool studies in 102 consecutively admitted patients; (4) thallium scintigraphy in 60 patients; and (5) necropsy in 23 patients. Results-On bedside questioning, only 0.7% complained of previous angina. There was no history given of myocardial infarction (MI), but documentation of this was found in the clinical notes of 0.7% of the patients. In the resting ECG study, evidence of myocardial ischemia was present in 14.6% and MI in 2.1%. In the combined study, cardiac ischemia was documented on ECG in 12.7% of patients and evidence of previous MI in 5.8%. Cardiac scintigraphic studies revealed changes of myocardial ischemia in 31.7% and MI in 13.3% of the 60 patients studied. Four (17.4%) of 23 patients in the necropsy study had histological evidence of previous MI, and 50% of all patients had evidence of Ͼ50% atherosclerotic stenosis in 1, 2, or 3 coronary arteries. Conclusions-The prevalence of CAD in black African stroke patients is significantly higher than has been documented in the general nonstroke black population as well as in stroke patients. Black stroke patients may have a risk for CAD similar to that of their white counterparts.

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Apparent absence of stroke and ischaemic heart disease in a traditional Melanesian island: a clinical study in Kitava

Cited by 110 publications

References 8 publications

A Palaeolithic diet improves glucose tolerance more than a Mediterranean-like diet in individuals with ischaemic heart disease

A Palaeolithic diet improves glucose tolerance more than a Mediterranean-like diet in individuals with ischaemic heart disease

Acne Vulgaris

Ischemic Heart Disease in Black South African Stroke Patients

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