Apparent diffusion coefficient measurements as very early predictive markers of response to chemotherapy in hepatic metastasis: A preliminary investigation of reproducibility and diagnostic value

Abstract

Increases in ADC values in responding liver metastases occurred within days after the start of chemotherapy but were of smaller magnitude than the variability of ADC measurement. These preliminary data suggest that the presently used technique is not reliable enough to predict final response at such an early time point in individual lesions.

Advances in Diffusion-Weighted Imaging

“…In a study of 20 patients with liver metastases, the potential use of ADC was investigated to predict treatment response to chemotherapy. 25 A similar repeatability coefficient of plus or minus 28% was found for ADC of liver metastases when limited to right hepatic lobe.…”

One‐month apparent diffusion coefficient correlates with response to radiofrequency ablation of hepatocellular carcinoma

“…Lu et al found that ADC values after RFA of hepatic malignant tumors that are successfully treated have a uniform pattern of variations during the first year following RFA . Deckers et al found that absolute and normalized ADC values after systemic chemotherapy were greater in hepatic tumors that responded favorably than in those that did not 2 and 4 weeks after initiating the treatment . Similar results were found in cervical cancer and nasopharyngeal carcinoma …”

“…It has been also demonstrated that baseline ADC value of HCC before treatment is strongly associated with the risk of local recurrence and survival after RFA . Other studies have also suggested that the ADC value can be used to monitor treatment response of liver metastases . Another study investigated the variations in ADC values of malignant hepatic tumors that have a favorable response to RFA .…”

Prognostication and response assessment in liver and pancreatic tumors: The new imaging

“…De Bruyne et al [127] 19 DCE-MRI AUC decrease CRC metastases Bevacizumab Vriens et al [129] 23 DCE-MRI K trans decrease CRC metastases Cytotoxic therapy Coenegrachts et al [130] 10 DCE-MRI Kep increase CRC metastases Bevacizumab + FOLFIRI Deckers et al [126] 20 DWI ADC decrease CRC metastases Chemotherapy Niwa et al [133] 63 DWI ADC decrease PDAC Gemcitabine Cuneo et al [134] 12 DWI ADC increase PDAC Chemoradiation Yao et al [135] 39 pCT BF decrease PanNET Bevacizumab ± everolimus Miyazaki et al [132] [115,116] .…”

“…Anzidei et al [125] reported that both pCT and DWI could detect therapy-induced (oxaliplatinum, capecitabine and bevacizumab) modifications in CRC liver metastases vascularization before significant size changes became evident: capillary permeability was significantly higher in lesions with complete and partial response; moreover, ADC values were significantly higher in partial response lesions than in patients with stable disease. Deckers et al [126] reported that the increase of ADC values in responding liver metastases could occur even within days after the start of chemotherapy; unfortunately, as these changes were of smaller magnitude than the variability of ADC measurement, ADC quantification was not reliable enough to predict final response at such an early time point in individual lesions. Many studies have been conducted with DCE-MRI, probably as a consequence of the standardization of DCE-MRI-derived endpoints.…”