Apparent quasar disc sizes in the “bird’s nest” paradigm

Abstract

Context. Quasar microlensing effects make it possible to measure the accretion disc sizes around distant supermassive black holes that are still well beyond the spatial resolution of contemporary instrumentation. The sizes measured with this technique appear inconsistent with the standard accretion disc model. Not only are the measured accretion disc sizes larger, but their dependence on wavelength is in most cases completely different from the predictions of the standard model. Aims. We suggest that these discrepancies may arise not from non-standard accretion disc structure or systematic errors, as it was proposed before, but rather from scattering and reprocession of the radiation of the disc. In particular, the matter falling from the gaseous torus and presumably feeding the accretion disc may at certain distances become ionized and produce an extended halo that is free from colour gradients. Methods. A simple analytical model is proposed assuming that a geometrically thick translucent inflow acts as a scattering mirror changing the apparent spatial properties of the disc. This inflow may be also identified with the broad line region or its inner parts.Results. Such a model is able to explain the basic properties of the apparent disc sizes, primarily their large values and their shallow dependence on wavelength. The only condition required is to scatter a significant portion of the luminosity of the disc. This can easily be fulfilled if the scattering inflow has a large geometrical thickness and clumpy structure.

Non-blackbody Disks Can Help Explain Inferred AGN Accretion Disk Sizes

“…A further shift in this direction (still of insufficient magnitude to match observations) has been seen in previous work on disks with significant magnetic pressure support and thus low-density atmospheres (e.g., Blaes et al 2006). This proposed explanation for large inferred accretion disk sizes is related to that of Abolmasov (2017), but distinct in that the electron scattering occurs in an accreting inflow in that work and in the disk atmosphere in this model. In §3, we explore which model parameters can produce a shift of the magnitude required to match the observations of NGC 5548, and we discuss our results in §4.…”

X-Ray, UV, and Radio Timing Observations of the Radio Galaxy 3C 120

“…Propagating changes in the magnetic field, discussed in § §4.2, might be one such mechanism. Another possible effect can be found within the "bird's nest" geometry of thermal gas in an active nucleus (Mannucci, Salvati, & Stanga 1992;Gaskell & Goosmann 2013;Abolmasov 2017). In this picture, illustrated in Figure 12, the disk flares out into a very broad (polar opening angle 40 • ), clumpy distribution of clouds.…”