Appearance and suppression of Turing patterns under a periodically forced feed

Abstract

Turing instability is a general and straightforward mechanism of pattern formation in reaction–diffusion systems, and its relevance has been demonstrated in different biological phenomena. Still, there are many open questions, especially on the robustness of the Turing mechanism. Robust patterns must survive some variation in the environmental conditions. Experiments on pattern formation using chemical systems have shown many reaction–diffusion patterns and serve as relatively simple test tools to study general aspects of these phenomena. Here, we present a study of sinusoidal variation of the input feed concentrations on chemical Turing patterns. Our experimental, numerical and theoretical analysis demonstrates that patterns may appear even at significant amplitude variation of the input feed concentrations. Furthermore, using time-dependent feeding opens a way to control pattern formation. The patterns settled at constant feed may disappear, or new patterns may appear from a homogeneous steady state due to the periodic forcing.

Turing Patterns in Forced Open Two‐Side‐Fed‐Reactor

“…The effect of a sinusoidal forcing on the input feed composition was recently explored experimentally and numerically using simplified models. [ 20 ] In this study, we used a chemically realistic mechanism that includes a reaction responsible for differential diffusion. In the 2D description of the TSFR, we only neglected the feedback of the gel composition on that of the tank.…”

“…Recently, another method, periodic feeding from the boundary, was applied in a TSFR in similar chlorite‐iodide‐malonic acid (CIMA) reaction. [ 20 ] The experiments showed that patterns may appear and persist under periodic environmental conditions. Theoretical studies on the time‐periodic forcing of Turing patterns near a Turing‐Hopf bifurcation point presented that forcing may enhance or suppress Turing patterns, in agreement with the experimental observations.…”

Effects of square spatial periodic forcing on oscillatory hexagon patterns in coupled reaction–diffusion systems

“…Currently, one of the most essential problems in this context is to study the response behaviours of patterns with respect to an external stimulus. [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] The external spatial force provides a powerful way to investigate the wavenumber selection mechanism and the controlling mechanism of spatial structures. 14,15 During the past two decades, studies on the effects of spatially periodic force have concentrated on Turing patterns in reaction diffusion systems that undergo Turing instability.…”

“…Currently, one of the most essential problems in this context is to study the response behaviours of patterns with respect to an external stimulus. 11–18 The external spatial force provides a powerful way to investigate the wave-number selection mechanism and the controlling mechanism of spatial structures. 14,15…”

Electric Field-Driven Spatial Information Capture of Dissipative Biocondensate States

“…[5][6] Recently, chemists also generated LP in several synthetic systems based on nanoparticle assembly in hydrogel matrix mediated by pH gradient or modulating the surface charge of interacting species to achieve stationary inhomogeneous but controlled distribution of particle deposition in space. [7][8][9][10] In this context, spatial transport can also be governed by applying energy in addition to diffusion. 11 Therefore, many metastable or transiently stable state in a chemical process can be transported by applying energy and thus information can be stored in a different zone.…”