Appearance of food-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis as an inflammatory disease: a pediatric case report and differential diagnosis

Abstract

Anaphylaxis is the most serious of all allergic reactions. Despite advances in the knowledge of anaphylaxis, its clinical manifestations continue to be under-recognized. Indeed, proper diagnosis of anaphylaxis is often missed, and the treatment is delayed. The underlying causes are still under investigation globally. Inflammation represents the cornerstone of pathophysiology of anaphylaxis. Food-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis (FDEIA) is a rare clinical manifestation characterized by a chronological sequence in which food ingestion followed by physical exercise leads to anaphylaxis. Its mechanisms are yet to be fully explained. We report the case of a 14-year-old Chinese male who lost consciousness while undergoing physical activity at school. Several differential diagnoses were considered such as hypovolemic shock, septic shock, anaphylactic shock or neurological adverse event. Finally, the diagnosis of FDEIA was made. This case highlights the difficulties in diagnosing FDEIA and its management, especially when the clinical history is not complete and detailed.

The Impact of Processing and Extraction Methods on the Allergenicity of Targeted Protein Quantification as Well as Bioactive Peptides Derived from Egg

“…Allergic reactions associated with IgE are categorized as Type 1 hypersensitivity reactions due to their rapid onset and resulting inflammatory immune response upon exposure to allergens [ 193 , 194 ]. Type 1 hypersensitivity reactions encompass a wide range of allergic conditions, including but not limited to anaphylaxis, asthma, eczema, drug allergies, insect allergies, and food allergies [ 195 , 196 , 197 , 198 ]. These types of allergies are prevalent worldwide, affecting up to 30% of the global population [ 199 ].…”