Appearance of the cyst‐ or ductule‐like structures and their role in the restoration of the rat pituitary autograft

Gon, Gotetsu; Shirasawa, Nobuyuki; Ishikawa, Hiroshi

doi:10.1002/ar.1092170408

Cited by 29 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Diffe rent possibilities can be invoked to explain such a genera lized function, such as inactivation or internalization and phagocytosis of applied agents, but also the possibility of functional modulation of the hormone-secreting cells by trophic agents released by the FS cells, like for instance some of the basement membrane components (suggested by Gon et al [ 18]), is equally probable. There is some evidence for both explanations in our aggregate cultures.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulatory Activity and Topological Distribution of Folliculo-Stellate Cells in Rat Anterior Pituitary Cell Aggregates

Allaerts

Denef²

1989

Neuroendocrinology

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An enriched population of cells immunoreactive to antiserum against S-100 protein, a marker of folliculo-stellate (FS) cells in the rat pituitary, was obtained by separation of dispersed pituitary cells from adult female rats by gradient sedimentation at unit gravity. The effect of FS cells on the stimulation and inhibition of prolactin (PRL) and growth hormone (GH) release was studied by coaggregation experiments of the FS cell-enriched population with respectively a lactotroph-enriched and a somatotroph-enriched population from adult female rats. The FS cell population not only attenuated the stimulation of PRL and GH release, but also significantly attenuated the inhibition of PRL release by 10, 30 or 300 nM dopamine (DA), and the inhibition of GH release by 0.1 nM somatostatin (SRIF). The stimulatory action of angiotensin II (All) on PRL secretion in the presence of DA was also attenuated by the FS cells. Light microscopic evaluation of immunostained semithin sections showed a meshwork of cytoplasmic extensions of FS cells as well as follicular structures in the aggregates. There was no preferential association of FS cells with certain cell types. The permeability of the aggregates to diffusing molecules was tested at the ultrastructural level by the lanthanum hydroxide tracing technique. Lanthanum traced the intercellular gaps over the entire aggregate irrespective of whether the proportional number of FS cells was high or low, indicating that FS cells do not seal off certain areas in the aggregate by the formation of tight junctions. It is suggested that FS cells attenuate the action not only of stimulatory but also inhibitory secretagogues on hormone-secreting pituitary cells. The possible physiological relevance of the present findings is supported by the topological distribution of the FS cells in the aggregates, which closely resembles that of the intact pituitary.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulatory Activity and Topological Distribution of Folliculo-Stellate Cells in Rat Anterior Pituitary Cell Aggregates

Allaerts

Denef²

1989

Neuroendocrinology

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“…However, and again, an alternative explanation may be that the cyst-lining cells function as supportive cells for the development of the granular cells. In another study, the same group suggested that FS cells (not marginal cells) actively proliferated and formed cyst-like structures early after transplantation [131]. …”

Section: Pituitary Stem Cells: Support From Topological Morphologmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other FS cell modifications include a change in gap junctions between FS cells after castration, as well as during treatment with gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) or sex steroids [143] and during the oestrus cycle [144]. There is also a marked increase in number and size of FS cells in areas of ongoing immune destruction in lymphocytic hypophysitis [24], and after autotransplantation of pituitaries under the renal capsule in the rat [131]. Changes in FS cell activation status have more than once been considered as emanations of a stem cell function, also based on findings in other tissues where stem cell compartments are activated in certain pathological conditions [4].…”

Section: Pituitary Stem Cells: Support From Topological Morphologmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stem Cells in the Postnatal Pituitary?

Vankelecom

2007

Neuroendocrinology

108

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Tissue-specific stem cells are uncovered in a growing number of organs by their molecular expression profile and their potential for self-renewal, multipotent differentiation and tissue regeneration. Whether the pituitary gland also contains a pool of versatile ’master’ cells that drive homeostatic, plastic and regenerative cell ontogenesis is at present unknown. Here, I will give an overview of data that may lend support to the existence of stem cells in the postnatal pituitary. During the many decades of pituitary research, various approaches have been used to hunt for the pituitary stem cells. Transplantation and regeneration studies advanced chromophobes as possible source of new hormonal cells. Clonogenicity approaches identified pituitary cells that clonally expand to floating spheres, or to colonies in adherent cell cultures. Behavioural characteristics and changes of marginal, follicular and folliculostellate cells during defined developmental and (patho-)physiological conditions have been interpreted as indicative of a stem cell role. Expression of potential stem cell markers like nestin, as well as topographical localization in the marginal zone around the cleft has also been considered to designate pituitary stem cells. Finally, a ‘side population’ was recently identified in the postnatal pituitary which in many other tissues represents a stem cell-enriched fraction. Taken together, in the course of the long-standing study of the pituitary, several arguments have been presented to support the existence of stem cells, and multiple cell types have been placed in the spotlight as possible candidates. However, none of these cells has until now unequivocally been shown to meet all quintessential characteristics of stem cells.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In vivo, these cells are surrounded by different types of extracellular matrices (ECMs), which provide the mechanical integrity, rigidity, and elasticity that are essential for these cells to perform their respective roles (Gon et al 1987, Soji & Herbert 1989, Paez-Pereda et al 2005. It has been shown that the lobular structures that are surrounded by ECM are responsible for organizing the functional unit in the anterior pituitary gland (Gon et al 1987, Soji & Herbert 1989, Inoue et al 1999, Shirasawa et al 2004. Knowledge of the topographic features of FS cells is essential for understanding this lobular structure, the location of FS cells in the core of the lobular structure, and the characteristic enveloping of hormone-producing cells by their cytoplasmic processes, the tips of which sometimes attach to the ECM (Soji & Herbert 1989, Inoue et al 1999, Shirasawa et al 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Living-cell imaging of transgenic rat anterior pituitary cells in primary culture reveals novel characteristics of folliculo-stellate cells

Horiguchi¹,

Kikuchi²,

Kusumoto³

et al. 2009

Journal of Endocrinology

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Folliculo-stellate (FS) cells in the anterior pituitary gland appear to possess multifunctional properties. Recently, the development of transgenic rats (S100b-green fluorescent protein (GFP) rats) that express GFP specifically in FS cells in the anterior pituitary gland has allowed us to distinguish and observe living FS cells in other kinds of pituitary cells. We used S100b-GFP rats to investigate the topographic affinity of FS cells for other pituitary cells. We observed living FS cells in enzymatically dispersed anterior pituitary cells of S100b-GFP rats under a fluorescent microscope, and noted that FS cells markedly extended and contracted cytoplasmic processes and formed interconnections with neighboring FS cells. In addition, FS cells adhered to small clusters of GFPnegative cells, which were primarily hormone-producing cells, and these clusters further aggregated during the course of cytoplasmic contraction. In the presence of laminin, fibronectin, and varying types of collagen, FS cells showed marked changes in shape and specific proliferative activity; however, GFP-negative cells did not. On reverse transcription-PCR analysis and immunohistochemistry, FS cells were shown to express integrin subunits, which are the cell surface receptors for extracellular matrix (ECM). In the anterior pituitary gland, FS cells and the various types of hormoneproducing cells generate a unique topography in the presence of basement membrane components and interstitial collagens. The novel characteristics of FS cells observed in the present study suggest that in the anterior pituitary gland, FS cells play important roles in determining and/or maintaining local cellular arrangement in the presence of ECM components.

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Appearance of the cyst‐ or ductule‐like structures and their role in the restoration of the rat pituitary autograft

Cited by 29 publications

References 31 publications

Regulatory Activity and Topological Distribution of Folliculo-Stellate Cells in Rat Anterior Pituitary Cell Aggregates

Regulatory Activity and Topological Distribution of Folliculo-Stellate Cells in Rat Anterior Pituitary Cell Aggregates

Stem Cells in the Postnatal Pituitary?

Living-cell imaging of transgenic rat anterior pituitary cells in primary culture reveals novel characteristics of folliculo-stellate cells

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