Appeasement: replacing Stockholm syndrome as a definition of a survival strategy

Bailey, Rebecca; Dugard, Jaycee; Smith, Stefanie F.; Porges, Stephen W.

doi:10.1080/20008066.2022.2161038

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Future research will be able to establish these connections. Third, following [7], we can analyze Stockholm syndrome as a survival strategy and link it to resilience. In patriarchal societies, it is understood that women must submit to male hegemony.…”

Section: Limitations and Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is observed in religious sects, relationships between war prisoners and their jailers, as well as in family or romantic relationships [27,45]. This syndrome appears in situations of terror, hostage-taking, captivity, aggression, mistreatment, harassment, threats to well-being, violence (based on gender including sexual abuse, incest, rape), trafficking and abusive in romantic relationships [1,4,7,19,35,39,45,47,53,54]. We realize its existence through the development, in the victim, of positive feelings (empathy for example) towards the aggressor/abductor, the unconscious identification with the kidnapper and the conscious adaptation of the victim to the situation in order to give herself hope in the absence of hope [18,28,29,31,32,34,41,42,45].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Stockholm Syndrome and Gender-Related Ideologies and Attitudes: A Psychometric Assessment

Mouafo,

Lontio

2024

PBS

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Stockholm syndrome, a paradoxical phenomenon, characteristic of the particular psychological functioning of people in captivity and victims of mistreatment, sexual abuse and gender-based violence, arouses significant interest in psychological sciences. However, the related instrumentation remains limited, due to the fact that there is not a significant number of measurements that can evaluate it. In addition, the current main measure (the <i>scale for identifying “Stockholm Syndrome” reactions in young dating women/Escala para identificar reacciones de síndrome de Estocolmo (SISSR) relacionada con violencia de pareja</i>), only exists in the English and Spanish languages; which constitutes a linguistic obstacle for its administration to individuals who speak other languages, such as French. However, the simple translation of the items of a measurement does not guarantee its reliability from a psychometric point of view. In this vein, this study proposes the translation in French and validation of the Spanish version of this measure. It also proposes, as part of testing the predictive validity of the measure, to link the construct of Stockholm syndrome with gender-related ideologies and attitudes. The validation of the French version of the Stockholm syndrome measurement scale was carried out with two samples (N = 836) consisting entirely of women. The exploratory test (EFA) carried out with 400 participants reveals a reliable tri-factorial structure of 16 elements, after the elimination of 33 elements, due to factor loadings lower than .40. The confirmatory analysis of this factorial structure, using the Structural Equation Method (CFA-SEM), carried out on a sample of 436 participants, supports the tri-factorial structure which fits the data better. Tests of factorial invariance of the measurement, depending on marital status (n1 = 215 married women; n2 = 221 concubine) reveal a structural equivalence between the groups. The predictive validity of the measure reveals that Stockholm syndrome is linked to attitudes towards gender-based violence, sexism, feminism, non-justification of the gender system and gender-based social dominance.

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Section: Limitations and Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stockholm Syndrome and Gender-Related Ideologies and Attitudes: A Psychometric Assessment

Mouafo,

Lontio

2024

PBS

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“…In the section entitled ‘A brief history of appeasement as a response to threat’, Bailey et al ( 2023 ) cite only Cantor and Price ( 2007 ) as having introduced the concept of appeasement as a mammalian survival response. The following is a brief summary of the history of the term.…”

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confidence: 99%

History of the term ‘appeasement’: a response to Bailey et al. (2023)

Schlote

2023

European Journal of Psychotraumatology

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This letter to the editor aims to address claims made by Bailey et al. [2023. Appeasement: Replacing Stockholm syndrome as a definition of a survival strategy. European Journal of Psychotraumatology , 14 (1), 2161038] about the history of the concept of appeasement in relation to mammalian survival responses as well as the fawn response, by offering a brief overview and analysis of the literature.

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General Theories of Trauma Bonding

Reid,

Gardy

2024

Trauma Bonding and Interpersonal Crimes

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Appeasement: replacing Stockholm syndrome as a definition of a survival strategy

Cited by 7 publications

References 30 publications

Stockholm Syndrome and Gender-Related Ideologies and Attitudes: A Psychometric Assessment

Stockholm Syndrome and Gender-Related Ideologies and Attitudes: A Psychometric Assessment

History of the term ‘appeasement’: a response to Bailey et al. (2023)

General Theories of Trauma Bonding

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