Applicability and comparison of the sub-Saharan Africa and original WHO maternal near-miss criteria in a rural hospital in Western Tanzania

Abstract

BackgroundAfter the introduction of the maternal near-miss (MNM) criteria by the World Health Organization (WHO), an adapted version for low-income countries was defined but has never been validated in a rural hospital in this setting. Aim of this study was to identify the occurrence of MNM by both the use of the WHO and the adapted sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) MNM tool and to compare the applicability of both versions. MethodsThis cross-sectional study was done between November 2019 and July 2020 in Ndala Hospital, Tanzania. All pregnant women and women within 42 days after giving birth or termination of pregnancy were included when fulfilling at least one criterion according to either the WHO or the SSA MNM tool. ResultsThe SSA MNM criteria identified 47 near-miss cases and all seven maternal deaths. The WHO criteria identified ten near-miss cases and five maternal deaths. There were 948 livebirths, consequently leading to maternal near-miss ratio (MNMR) of 50 (95% CI 34-60) and 11 (95% CI 4 -16) per 1,000 livebirths for the SSA criteria and respectively the WHO MNM criteria. The difference in these numbers seems to be primarily attributed to the addition of defined severe complications in the clinical criteria and the adapted threshold for blood transfusions. Eclampsia and severe malaria form roughly half of these complications.

Incidence and causes of severe maternal outcomes in Somaliland using the sub‐Saharan Africa maternal near‐miss criteria: A prospective cross‐sectional study in a national referral hospital

“…The SSA MNM ratio reported here is similar to those reported in Namibia, Tanzania, and Ethiopia 11–13 ; however, it is higher than in studies conducted in Kenya, Nigeria and Suriname 14–17 …”

“…The SSA MNM ratio reported here is similar to those reported in Namibia, Tanzania, and Ethiopia 11 , 12 , 13 ; however, it is higher than in studies conducted in Kenya, Nigeria and Suriname. 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 The variation could be the result of differences in study populations or the types of healthcare facilities in which the studies were conducted.…”

Determinants of neonatal near-miss among neonates delivered in public hospitals of Ilu Abba Bor Zone, Southwest Ethiopia: An unmatched case–control study during the COVID-19 pandemic

“…Different studies in SSA countries, including Ethiopia, reported the increment of NNM during the COVID-19 pandemic ( 29 – 33 ). This could be due to the interruption of essential maternal newborn and child health services which has impacted millions of lives across the world ( 34 ).…”