Applicability of vulnerability maps

Andersen, L. J.; Gosk, Edmund

doi:10.1007/bf01666570

Cited by 34 publications

(19 citation statements)

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“…The assessment of specific vulnerability requires consideration ot the characteristics of the aquifer relative to the contaminant and the contaminant itself, in addition to intrinsic hydrogeological and geological characteristics.) Even if the intrinsic vulnerability has only a general meaning in a pollution scenario where specific contaminant take place, according to Andersen and Gosk (1987) and Adams and Foster (1992), the concept of intrinsic vulnerability is necessary to provide a maximum of unbiased information, in order to define protection zones in karst environment. The degradation process are not taken into account in an intrinsic vulnerability approach.…”

Section: Definition Of Vulnerability Mappingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water vulnerability assessment in karst environments: a new method of defining protection areas using a multi-attribute approach and GIS tools (EPIK method)

Doerfliger¹,

Jeannin

Zwahlen

1999

Environmental Geology

416

142

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Groundwater resources from karst aquifers play a major role in the water supply in karst areas in the world, such as in Switzerland. Defining groundwater protection zones in karst environment is frequently not founded on a solid hydrogeological basis. Protection zones are often inadequate and as a result they may be ineffective. In order to improve this situation, the Federal Office for Environment, Forests and Landscape with the Swiss National Hydrological and Geological Survey contracted the Centre of Hydrogeology of the Neuchâ-tel University to develop a new groundwater protection-zones strategy in karst environment. This approach is based on the vulnerability mapping of the catchment areas of water supplies provided by springs or boreholes. Vulnerability is here defined as the intrinsic geological and hydrogeological characteristics which determine the sensitivity of groundwater to contamination by human activities. The EPIK method is a multi-attribute method for vulnerability mapping which takes into consideration the specific hydrogeological behaviour of karst aquifers. EPIK is based on a conceptual model of karst hydrological systems, which suggests considering four karst aquifer attributes: (1) Epikarst, (2) Protective cover, (3) Infiltration conditions and (4) Karst network development. Each of these four attributes is subdivided into classes which are mapped over the whole water catchment. The attributes and their classes are then weighted. Attribute maps are overlain in order to obtain a final vulnerability map. From the vulnerability map, the groundwater protection zones are defined precisely. This method was applied at several sites in Switzerland where agriculture contamination problems have frequently occurred. These applications resulted in recommend new boundaries for the karst water supplies protection-zones.

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Section: Definition Of Vulnerability Mappingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water vulnerability assessment in karst environments: a new method of defining protection areas using a multi-attribute approach and GIS tools (EPIK method)

Doerfliger¹,

Jeannin

Zwahlen

1999

Environmental Geology

416

142

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“…Estimation of weightings is not the objective of this study, but rather is employed as a means of showing how such a weighting can influence regional parameter estimation and the relationship between a parameter and SLR and its effect upon a coastal environment. This study's weighting estimation is given in Table 2, which indicates the variation of these weightings for each of the parameters [5] [17] [73]- [75].…”

Section: ) Parameter Weighting Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Empirical Assessment of Coastal Environmental Vulnerability to Sea Level Rise

Collin¹,

Melloul²

2014

JEP

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Sea level rise (SLR) could critically endanger the environment along all the world's sea coasts. Although sudden SLRs of meters-high waves that might have apocalyptic results would generally be limited to specific areas, on-going SLR of dozens of cms over decades is likely to have adverse impact on coastal environments throughout the world. This study's objective is to assess relative regional vulnerability of global sea coasts to SLR. The study focuses upon key natural and anthropogenic parameters that might either cause or enhance SLR and thus significantly influence regional coastal environments. Careful assessment can enable reasonable estimates of relative vulnerability of such environments. An initial step involves specifying key parameters and assigning their weightings and ratings. To demonstrate the feasibility of this approach, six seacoast regions from various parts of the world have been considered in this paper, assessing their natural and anthropogenic parameters vis-à-vis general global data. The results emphasize the relative vulnerability of these areas' environments to SLR. Recommendations are then made for improving global SLR modeling and monitoring.

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“…During infiltration through soils, many contaminants are naturally attenuated. An evaluation of the protective properties of soils is, therefore, one of the most important tasks for vulnerability assessments (Andersen and Gosk, 1987;Breeuwsma and van Duijvenbooden, 1987;Lemme et al, 1991). In South Africa, the importance of soils information in vulnerability studies has been recognized.…”

Section: Specific Vulnerability Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Groundwater Vulnerability

Faybishenko¹,

Nicholson²,

Шестопалов³

et al. 2014

Special Publications

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY INTRODUCTIONSouth Africa has limited water resources that are unevenly distributed. Some areas are already experiencing water stress, and competition among various activities for use of water has become more intense, requiring better management of the resource. Although groundwater contributes only about 15 per cent of total water consumption, two-thirds of the country, including more than 280 towns and settlements, mostly in the drier parts, are largely dependent on groundwater. The importance of groundwater continues to grow across the country because of its generally easy availability, cost effectiveness and dwindling surface water resources. It is therefore very important that measures are put in place to protect existing water resources from pollution. The importance of protecting water from pollution has been recognized by the national government and measures have already been proposed through legislation to effect this. The Department of Water Affairs and Forestry has published a policy and strategy document for groundwater management in South Africa The department proposes to achieve groundwater protection goals through a combination of source-directed measures, resource-directed measures and rehabilitation measures. Background to present projectGroundwater contamination often occurs as a result of various anthropogenic activities. The vulnerability of an aquifer to such pollution is directly linked to hydraulic characteristics of the aquifer overburden and to a significant degree determined by the characteristic of contaminant attenuation. The degree/extent of interactions between the soil/aquifer characteristics and the pollutants will determine the vulnerability of an aquifer to pollution. Defining the extent of such interactions requires a multitude of physical, chemical and sometimes biological parameters for both the porous medium and the pollutant of interest. The WRC has funded a number of projects to address certain aspects of these issues. One of the projects investigated the contaminant attenuation capacity of the soil/aquifer system with special emphasis on the vadose zone. This project focussed on the contaminant attenuation characteristics of the subsurface. Another WRC project: "The relationship between geotechnical and hydrogeological properties of residual soils and rocks in the vadose zone". has recently been completed. The main objective of this project was to identify the hydrogeological properties of soils and rocks in the vadose zone which affect aquifer recharge and pollution. Thus this project contributed to our understanding of the accessibility of the saturated zone. Significant progress has thus been made in understanding the processes, and in identifying the most important parameters. Further work is still required to provide data, and ultimately guidelines that can be used for management purposes. Against this background, the WRC funded a project: "Protocols for assessing groundwater pollution impacts -formulation of a research strategy" during 1999. The mai...

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Applicability of vulnerability maps

Cited by 34 publications

References 0 publications

Water vulnerability assessment in karst environments: a new method of defining protection areas using a multi-attribute approach and GIS tools (EPIK method)

Water vulnerability assessment in karst environments: a new method of defining protection areas using a multi-attribute approach and GIS tools (EPIK method)

Empirical Assessment of Coastal Environmental Vulnerability to Sea Level Rise

Groundwater Vulnerability

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