Application and Mechanism of Sludge-Based Activated Carbon for Phenol and Cyanide Removal from Bio-Treated Effluent of Coking Wastewater

Abstract

The toxic pollutants phenol and cyanide in the bio-treated effluent of coking wastewater still need advanced treatment to meet environmental requirements. In this study, activated carbon prepared from municipal sludge and bamboo waste (SBAC) was used for simultaneous adsorption of phenol and cyanide from bio-treated effluent of coking wastewater. The results showed that the optimum removal efficiencies of volatile phenol (69.7%) and total cyanide (80.1%) were observed at a SBAC dosage of 8 g/L, a pH value of 8.0, and a contact time of 80 min. The physical and chemical properties of SBAC were analyzed using Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area (SBET), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. SBAC had high SBET (289.58 m2/g) and rich mesoporous structure (average pore diameter of 3.688 nm), and carboxylic groups on SBAC surfaces were enhanced due to the addition of bamboo waste. In addition, a kinetic model of pseudo-first-order fitted well with the experimental data of volatile phenol, while the adsorption of total cyanide onto the SBAC was better described by a pseudo-second-order kinetic model.

Sewage Sludge Derived Materials for CO2 Adsorption

“…The highest surface area and pore volume were obtained for I_4, while the pore's diameter remained almost constant, and only in the case of I_3 the diameter slightly decreased. In comparison with other studies [40,[44][45][46], the surface area of I_4 significantly increased and the pore diameter slightly increased [46].…”

“…Regarding the shape of isotherms and hysteresis loops (Figures 4-6), these were Type II with H3 hysteresis according to IUPAC [46,47]. The highest surface area and pore volume were obtained for I_4, while the pore's diameter remained almost constant, and only in the case of I_3 the diameter slightly decreased.…”

“…Regarding the shape of isotherms and hysteresis loops (Figures 4-6), these were Type II with H3 hysteresis according to IUPAC [46,47].…”

Biodegradation of Phenol by Rhodococcus sp. Strain SKC: Characterization and Kinetics Study

“…The average concentrations of phenol in PM2.5, TSP (total suspended particles), and gas-phase were 2.6 ± 0.4 ng/m 3 , 5.2 ± 0.8 ng/m 3 and 11.3 ± 3.1 ng/m 3 in summer, respectively [8]. Phenolic wastewater can be treated with activated carbon adsorption, chemical oxidation, electrochemical oxidation and biodegradation [9,10]. Biological methods are increasingly common for the treatment of industrial waste water.…”

Wastewater Treatment Processes: Part I

“…The first part of this Special Issue consists of 46 works (41 research articles; 3 review papers, 1 teaching note; 1 project report) from distinguished authors worldwide . Among them, there are several processes of wastewater treatment including major techniques as adsorption [2,3,6,7,14,15,20,25,31,36,38,40,45], membranes/filtration [8, 35,37,43,44], floation/flocculation/coagulation [11,18,26,46], ultrasonication/ozonation/aeriation [13,23], electroprocesses [1, 22,33], photocatalysis [34], etc. Many authors, whom we-as editors-thank very much, from various countries, contributed marvellously to this first part of the present Special Issue.…”