Application Guide on Methods of Substation Grounding [includes discussion]

Fusing currents in composite cables are calculated by coupling the non-linear heat equation with the calculation of the joules heating in a non-linear finite element process that includes conduction and radiation effects. The method is verified using analytical formulas available for simple copper cables. The method is useful in multi-material composite cables as well as in conductors of arbitrary cross section such as traces on printed circuit boards where analytic formulas are not available. It is also useful for the calculation of temperatures and temperature distributions in power lines or any other current-carrying conductor. For short fusing times, the effects of conduction and radiation are negligible, simplifying the solution.Index Terms-Coupled problems, finite element analysis, fusing currents.

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“…An improved formula is due to Onderdonk [10] and has been in use for many decades [2] I f = A log 10…”

Section: A Analytic Formulasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Computation of Fusing Currents in Composite Conductors

Gras

Ida

2015

IEEE Trans. Magn.

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Design of Grounding System

2018

Advances in Computer and Electrical Engineering

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This chapter contains the types of grounding systems, single ground rod, single strip end connected, single strip center connected, radial grounding, single radials, equipotential mesh electrodes, radial grounding, multiple radials, and grid electrodes grid with ground rods, ring electrode, and grounding chain. It contains also the method of calculating single grounding electrode system resistance, length/depth of the ground electrode, diameter of the ground electrode and number of ground electrodes to obtain the required grounding system resistance. The chapter contains the grounding nomograph, example worksheet using nomograph, design of multiple grounding electrode in straight line and ring systems, examples layout and graph, multiple grounding electrode system are presented. It contains also calculating methods of multiple grounding electrode system resistance of different configurations. Color code technique to calculate the design parameters of the grounding rods is also presented.

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Application Guide on Methods of Substation Grounding [includes discussion]

Cited by 2 publications

References 4 publications

Computation of Fusing Currents in Composite Conductors

Computation of Fusing Currents in Composite Conductors

Design of Grounding System

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