Application of 3-D computer graphics for facial reconstruction and comparison with sculpting techniques

Vanezis, Peter; Blowes, R.W.; Linney, AD; Tan, Aaron; Richards, Robin R.; Neave, Richard

doi:10.1016/0379-0738(89)90200-4

Cited by 124 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 4 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Computed Tomography (CT) scanning techniques and a sequence of photographic skull image frames [9] were used by some to generate the 3D model of the skull. In the more modern researches sophisticated techniques such as Facial Optical Surface Scanners [10],Electro spatial digitizers [5],Cyberwave TM Model Color -3D Scanheadscanners [11]have been used. Once a 3D model was acquired, then it was prepared for the skin building process.…”

Section: Combination Methods (Often Referred To As British Ormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is noted that in 18th century this technique was used for studies related to physiognomic features in important persons and notorious criminals and to identify missing persons [2]. The Scientific approach to facial reconstruction initiated in the late 19th century where cadavers were used to measure facial tissue thickness [5]. It is noted in the literature that the reconstruction of the face of the popular composer Johann Sebastian Bach was done by the German anatomist on the year of 1895 [6]and this is considered the first process that followed a scientific approach.…”

Section: Fig 2types Of Facial Reconstructionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

FaceID–Bones Narrate: A Semi Automated Approach for Forensic Facial Reconstruction

Madugalla¹,

Rajapakse²,

Amarasinghe³

et al. 2013

Int J on Adv. in ICT for Emerging Countries

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract-Forensic facial reconstruction is still at its infancy in Sri Lankaand is yet to utilize the advanced technologies of other countries. Hence introducing a more efficient multimedia based technique to the local forensic officials in order to improve the efficiency and the accuracy of the reconstructions is the aim of this study. In contrast to the other mechanisms used for facial reconstruction by others, this paper adopts a novel approach of muscle based facial reconstruction which goes hand in hand with the manual reconstruction process. The adopted process involved, acquiring a 3D model of the skull and digitally sculpting muscles in a 3D environment, followed by adding different facial features to improve identification. The research also encompassed a tissue thickness analysis that is conducted for the first time on Sri Lankans as well as a facial component analysis, both of which were needed to improve the accuracy of the final output. This procedure was attempted on cases of the age category 20-30 and of medium weight. The outputs and the process were evaluated with different parties such as general public, forensic officials, lawyers and CID all of which are to be benefited from this application. The ultimate goal of conducting the study was to understand and overcome the challenges faced in developing this novel application for the Sri Lankan Forensic officials and to establish the first unit for facial reconstruction in Sri Lanka.

show abstract

Section: Combination Methods (Often Referred To As British Ormentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Fig 2types Of Facial Reconstructionmentioning

confidence: 99%

FaceID–Bones Narrate: A Semi Automated Approach for Forensic Facial Reconstruction

Madugalla¹,

Rajapakse²,

Amarasinghe³

et al. 2013

Int J on Adv. in ICT for Emerging Countries

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Gatliff and Snow [52] claimed 70% and 65% success rates for identification in two studies using reconstructed faces produced from their CFR technique. Vanezis and colleagues [53] attempted a comparison between the manual and computer generated facial reconstruction methods, and showed that both methods could be employed as a useful tool for identification. Wilkinson and Whittaker [54] reported more optimistic results on the accuracy of facial reconstruction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The unfamiliar face effect on forensic craniofacial reconstruction and recognition

Lee

Wilkinson

2016

Forensic Science International

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Previous research into the reliability of forensic craniofacial reconstruction (CFR) has focused primarily on the accuracy of reconstructed faces from European or African ancestry skulls. Moreover, the recognition of CFR in relation to the experience and ancestry of the practitioners and the assessors has not been previously considered. The cross-race effect is a recognised phenomenon in psychology studies, where familiar ancestry faces are recognised more readily than unfamiliar ancestry faces, but there is a paucity of research addressing the relationship between the accuracy of reconstructed faces and the familiarity with this ancestry by the practitioners/assessors. The aims of this research were to investigate whether 'unfamiliar-race effect' has any influence on the accuracy of CFR and to evaluate how much the correct recognition rate of CFR is affected by the cross-race effect. Eight CFRs from three ancestry groups were produced by experienced practitioners in order to explore the aims. The results demonstrated that practitioners produced more recognisable CFRs using skulls from a familiar ancestry than skulls from unfamiliar ancestries.

show abstract

“…The null space of the penalty functionals E fc are the linear (affine) transformations. Hence, the TPS functions interpolate the given conditions (1) while remaining as affine as possible, as measured by (2).Using homogeneous coordinate notations for M lm and F lm , the TPSbased interpolation function can be specified by two parameter matrices d and :…”

Section: Tps-based Static Facial Model Fittingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Statistically deformable face models for cranio-facial reconstruction

Claes

Vandermeulen

Suetens

et al. 2005

ISPA 2005. Proceedings of the 4th International Symposium on Image and Signal Processing and Analysis, 2005.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Forensic facial reconstruction aims at estimating the facial outlook associated to an unknown skull specimen. Estimation is based on tabulated average values of soft tissue thicknesses measured at a sparse set of landmarks on the skull. Traditional 'plastic' methods apply modeling clay or plasticine on a cast of the skull approximating the estimated tissue depths at the landmarks and interpolating in between. Current computerized techniques mimic this landmark interpolation procedure using a single facial surface template. However, the resulting reconstruction is biased by the specific choice of the template and no face-specific regularization is present. We reduce the bias by using a flexible statistical model of a dense set of facial surface points combined with an associated sparse set of skull landmarks. The statistical model also provides a probability value, which can be used to regularize the reconstruction towards more plausible outlooks. The reconstruction is obtained by fitting the model skull landmarks to the corresponding landmarks indicated on a digital copy of the skull to be reconstructed. The fitting process alternates between changing the face-specific statistical model parameters and interpolating the remaining landmark fit error using a minimal bending Thin-Plate Spline (TPS)-based deformation. Furthermore, estimated properties of the skull specimen (BMI, age and gender e.g.) can be incorporated as conditions on the reconstruction by removing property-related shape variation from the statistical model description before the fitting process. This iterative statistical model-based reconstruction process is shown by experiment to converge to a realistic reconstruction of the face, independent of the initial template.

show abstract

Application of 3-D computer graphics for facial reconstruction and comparison with sculpting techniques

Cited by 124 publications

References 4 publications

FaceID–Bones Narrate: A Semi Automated Approach for Forensic Facial Reconstruction

FaceID–Bones Narrate: A Semi Automated Approach for Forensic Facial Reconstruction

The unfamiliar face effect on forensic craniofacial reconstruction and recognition

Statistically deformable face models for cranio-facial reconstruction

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About