Secure communication employing chaotic systems is considered in this chapter. Chaosbased communication uses chaotic systems as its backbone for information transmission and extraction, and is a field of active research and development and rapid advances in the literature. The theory and methods of synchronizing chaotic systems employing unknown input observers (UIOs) are investigated. New and novel results are presented. The techniques developed can be applied to a wide class of chaotic systems. Applications to the estimation of a variety of information signals, such as speech signal, electrocardiogram, stock price data hidden in chaotic system dynamics, are presented.