Application of a Pd–Ru composite membrane to hydrogen production in a high temperature membrane reactor

The influence of heat treatment on the thermal stability of Pd composite membranes

“…An increase in thermal stability has also been realized by alloying Pd with other elements such as Ag, Cu, Au, Pt, In, Ru, Y and Rh [4,[13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. In our recent work [4], we investigated the enhancement in thermal stability of thin Pd-based composite membranes by doping with higher melting point elements such as Ru and Pt.…”

Enhanced hydrogen production from thermochemical processes

“…107 With the purpose of preventing phase transition and relieving embrittlement, palladium is often alloyed with other metals such as Ag, [107][108][109] Cu, [110][111][112][113][114] Au 115 or Ru. 51,[116][117][118] Alloying was found to reduce the critical temperature for the α↔β phase transition. 87 As well as having greater resistance to phase transitions, some binary palladium alloys have demonstrated improved H2 permeation.…”

“…Kim et al 51 also found the CH4 conversion increased with pressure in a Pd-Ru membrane reactor (2×10 5~3 .5×10 5 Pa at o C). Abu et al 118 used a Pd-Ru membrane for SMR and noticed rising CH4 conversion with pressure (0.7×10 5~3 .2×10 5 Pa with S/C = 3 at o C). This suggests that the overall effect of pressure is positive, at least under these particular conditions.…”

Recent Advances in Pd-Based Membranes for Membrane Reactors

“…The stability of a 5 μm thick Pd-Ru membrane (0.3 wt. %) was investigated at 580 °C in a membrane reactor for methane steam reforming for 1000 h by Abu El Hawa and coworkers [ 60 ]. The membrane was tested at 2900 kPa with a steam-to-carbon ratio of 3 using a Ni-based catalyst.…”

“…In a recent study of the same authors [ 60 ], the stability of a 5 μm thick Pd-Ru membrane (0.3 wt. %) was investigated at 580 °C in a membrane reactor for MSR for 1000 h (described in Section 2.1 ).…”