Application of activated bentonite impregnated with PdO as green catalyst for acylation reaction of aromatic compounds

Utilization of vanillin to prepare sulfated Calix[4]resorcinarene as efficient organocatalyst for biodiesel production based on methylation of palmitic acid and oleic acid

“…The isothermal nitrogen adsorption-desorption employing the organocatalyst material was carried out using a Quantachrome Nova 2200e instrument at 77.35 K. The particle size distribution of the organocatalyst was determined using a laser scattering particle size distribution analyzer (Horiba LA-960) while the zeta potential measurement was conducted using Horiba SZ-100. The Brønsted and Lewis acid sites of the organocatalyst were measured from the vapor adsorption of ammonia and pyridine using a gravimetric method as reported previously [ 48 ]. The evaluation of the catalytic activity of sulfated Calix[4]resorcinarenes employed a rotary evaporator (Buchii R-114) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS, Shimadzu-QP 2010S).…”

Simultaneous Recovery of Nitrogen and Phosphorus from Sewage by Magnesium Ammonium Phosphate Method with Magnesium-Loaded Bentonite

“…Due to the negative charge of hydroxyl groups at the edge of bentonite, which is a type of layered silicate clay mineral, it is simple to generate intermolecular hydrogen bonds with hydrophilic media. In addition, the presence of inorganic cations allows the formation of stable silicate layers by van der Waals force. − As a natural mineral, bentonite has a high cation exchange capacity and is environmentally friendly, inexpensive, and simple to get. − As a result, it can be used to adsorb various harmful chemicals in soil, water, and the air. − Currently, there are two types of bentonite modification techniques: one is activation, ,− and the other is adding organic − or inorganic compounds, , or both organic and inorganic compounds at the same time.…”