Application of acute phase protein measurements in meat extract collected during routine veterinary inspection at abattoirs

Gutiérrez, Ana María; Villa, Matías; Marsilla, B. A.; Martı́nez-Subiela, Silvia; Montes, Ana; Cerón, José J.

doi:10.1016/j.rvsc.2015.05.019

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…ROC analysis allows for the identification of cut-off values for discriminating ‘healthy’ animals from those with a health or welfare issue, sometimes referred to as ‘suspects’. Cut-off values that maximise sensitivity and specificity were selected [ 4 ]. The Area Under the Curve (AUC) value specifies diagnostic accuracy, with values of ≤0.500 being ‘meaningless’; 0.500–0.700 being ‘less accurate’; 0.700–0.900 being ‘moderately accurate’ and 0.900–1.000 deemed ‘perfect’ [ 4 , 31 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cut-off values that maximise sensitivity and specificity were selected [ 4 ]. The Area Under the Curve (AUC) value specifies diagnostic accuracy, with values of ≤0.500 being ‘meaningless’; 0.500–0.700 being ‘less accurate’; 0.700–0.900 being ‘moderately accurate’ and 0.900–1.000 deemed ‘perfect’ [ 4 , 31 ]. Physiological measures were not examined in combination when assessing ability to predict tail lesions, skin lesions, health issues and QBA scores due to only one of these tests having an AUC value of 0.700 or above.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Meat inspection (MI) is currently under-utilised in its capacity as an animal health and welfare assessment tool [ 1 ], and physiological measures of medium to long-term wellbeing could form part of an extended MI procedure [ 2 – 4 ]. Individual physiological measures vary in how they respond to compromised health and welfare [ 2 , 5 ] and it may therefore be beneficial to assess more than one measure in order to gain a holistic view of herd health and welfare status [ 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent research highlighted that healthy pigs at slaughter can be discriminated from those with health conditions (e.g. lung lesions and abscessation), and those likely to be partially or fully condemned [ 4 , 20 , 21 ], through examination of APP levels. Furthermore, APP levels measured at slaughter were used to discriminate healthy pigs from those with health issues (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Identifying physiological measures of lifetime welfare status in pigs: exploring the usefulness of haptoglobin, C- reactive protein and hair cortisol sampled at the time of slaughter

et al. 2018

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BackgroundPhysiological measures indicative of the welfare status of animals during rearing could form part of an abattoir-based animal health and welfare assessment tool. A total of 66 pigs were used in this study, the aim of which was to assess how serum concentrations of haptoglobin (Hp) and C-reactive protein (CRP) (assessed in 51 pigs), and hair concentrations of cortisol (assessed in 65 pigs), measured at or close to slaughter, reflected welfare-related indicators recorded from the animal during its lifetime. These indicators were recorded at intervals between 7 and 21 weeks of age and included assigning scores for levels of tail and skin lesions, recording the presence or absence of certain health issues, and conducting qualitative behavioural assessments (QBA).ResultsPigs recorded as having tail lesions during their lifetime had higher hair cortisol levels than those with no tail lesions (tail lesions: 47.87 ± 3.34 pg/mg, no tail lesions: 42.20 ± 3.29 pg/mg, P = 0.023), and pigs recorded as having moderate or severe tail lesions had higher Hp levels than those with no or mild tail lesions (moderate/severe: 1.711 mg/ml ± 0.74, none/mild: 0.731 mg/ml ±0.10, P = 0.010). Pigs recorded as being lame during their lifetime tended to have higher hair cortisol levels than non-lame pigs (lame: 52.72 pg/mg ± 3.83, not lame: 43.07 pg/mg ± 2.69, P = 0.062). QBA scores were not associated with any of the physiological measures (P > 0.05). Receiver Operator Curve (ROC) analysis was also carried out to get a better understanding of the usefulness of the physiological measures in discriminating animals that had had welfare-related issues recorded during their lifetime from those that had not. Hair cortisol was determined as having ‘moderate’ accuracy in discriminating pigs that were tail bitten on-farm from unbitten pigs (AUC: 0.748) while Hp and CRP were determined to have no meaningful discriminatory ability (AUC < 0.600).ConclusionThis research should be repeated on a larger scale, but the results suggest that hair cortisol measured at slaughter could provide insight into the welfare status of pigs during their lifetime. Hp may be a useful indicator of tail lesions in pigs. However, further research utilising a greater proportion of severely bitten pigs is required before conclusions can be drawn.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Identifying physiological measures of lifetime welfare status in pigs: exploring the usefulness of haptoglobin, C- reactive protein and hair cortisol sampled at the time of slaughter

et al. 2018

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“…165 Other studies support the usefulness of CRP and Hp in the identification of carcasses with pathologic findings and show high sensitivity and specificity. 166,167 These results open new possibilities for the assessment of animal health in pig production, with implications for food safety and meat quality.…”

Section: Acute Phase Proteins In Alternative Fluidsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Acute phase proteins in cattle and swine: A review

Saco

Bassols

2022

Veterinary Clinical Pathol

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The major acute phase proteins (APPs) in cattle are haptoglobin (Hp) and serum amyloid A (SAA), and in swine, are Hp, SAA, C‐reactive protein (CRP), and Pig major acute phase protein (Pig‐MAP). Many methodologic assays are presently available to measure these parameters, which are still being improved to increase their specificity, sensitivity, user‐friendliness, and economic availability. In cattle, the main applications are the diagnosis and monitoring of frequent diseases such as mastitis and metritis in dairy cows and respiratory problems in young calves. In pigs, APPs are useful in the control of bacterial and viral infections, and they may be used at the slaughterhouse to monitor subclinical pathologies and improve food safety. The utility of APP in animal production must not be forgotten; optimization of protocols to improve performance, welfare, and nutrition may benefit from the use of APPs. Other sample types besides serum or plasma have potential uses; APP determination in milk is a powerful tool in the control of mastitis, saliva is a non‐invasive sample type, and meat juice is easily obtained at the slaughterhouse. Increasing our knowledge of reference intervals and the influence of variables such as age, breed, sex, and the season is important. Finally, worldwide harmonization and standardization of analytical procedures will help to expand the use of APPs.

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Proteomic methods for the study of porcine acute phase proteins – anything new to detect?

Miller

Gianazza

2023

Vet Res Commun

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Acute phase proteins (APPs) reflect the health status of individuals and are important tools in diagnostics, as their altered levels are a sign of disturbed homeostasis. While, in most cases, quantitation of known serum APPs is routinely performed by immunoassays, proteomics is helpful in discovery of new biomarker candidates, especially in samples other than body fluids. Besides putting APP regulation into an overall context of differentially abundant proteins, this approach can detect further details or outright new features in protein structure or specific modifications, and help understand better their function. Thus, it can show up ways to make present diagnostic assays more sensitive and/or specific, or correlate regulations of disease-specific proteins. The APP repertoire is dependent on the species. The pig is both, an important farm animal and a model animal for human diseases, due to similarities in physiology. Besides reviewing existing literature, yet unpublished examples for two-dimensional electrophoresis in connection with pig APPs highlight some of the benefits of proteomics. Of further help would be the emerging targeted proteomics, offering the possibility to determine particular isoforms or proteoforms, without the need of specific antibodies, but this method is presently scarcely used in veterinary medicine.

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Application of acute phase protein measurements in meat extract collected during routine veterinary inspection at abattoirs

Cited by 8 publications

References 12 publications

Identifying physiological measures of lifetime welfare status in pigs: exploring the usefulness of haptoglobin, C- reactive protein and hair cortisol sampled at the time of slaughter

Identifying physiological measures of lifetime welfare status in pigs: exploring the usefulness of haptoglobin, C- reactive protein and hair cortisol sampled at the time of slaughter

Acute phase proteins in cattle and swine: A review

Proteomic methods for the study of porcine acute phase proteins – anything new to detect?

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