Application of Ag–ceramic composite electrodes to low firing piezoelectric multilayer ceramic actuators

Abstract

Ag-ceramic composite materials were investigated as low-cost internal electrodes for low firing piezoelectric multilayer ceramic actuators (MLCA). Ag-ceramic pastes were prepared by adding Pb(Mg 1/3 Nb 2/3 )O 3 -Pb (Zr 0.475 ,Ti 0.525 )O 3 (PMNZT) ceramic powders to a commercial Ag paste in the range of 0 to 50 wt.%. PMNZT/ Ag-PMNZT multilayered laminates were fabricated using tape casting and subsequently cofired at 925°C for 10 h. The addition of PMNZT into Ag electrode decreased the thermal shrinkage mismatch between the composite layers, which led to improve mass producibility of MLCA through reducing delamination probability during cofiring process.

Sintering Behaviour and Piezoelectric Properties of CuO-Added Lead-Free Bi(Na,K)TiO3Ceramics

“…Currently most MLAs adopt expensive AgPd alloys as internal electrodes due to their thermal stability between piezoelectric ceramic layers throughout high temperature firing processes. Provided that low temperature co-firing of piezoceramic/metal multilayer laminates is established without significant degradation in piezoelectric properties, a cheaper conductor such as silver can be used as an inner electrode for MLAs [3,4].…”

Synthesis of Barium Titanate Piezoelectric Ceramics for Multilayer Actuators (MLAs)

“…5). In the range of apparent density between 5.80 and 5.87 g/cm 3 the values of apparent porosity are very similar. The values of relative density evaluated as the ratio of apparent density to the theoretical density are very similar (Table 1).…”

“…The values of relative density evaluated as the ratio of apparent density to the theoretical density are very similar (Table 1). Duran et al (2002) and Miot et al (1995) found that density of BaTiO3 sintered pellets based on the value of lattice constant is equal to 6.02 g/cm 3 . So, the obtained relative density is in agreement with the results of other authors.…”

“…Synthesis of materials with these properties needs highly pure, fine grained ceramics, which may be obtained from homogeneous reproducible powders of spherical particles (Miot et al, 1995;Kholodkova et al, 2012). Choi et al (2008) underline that MLCs have been investigated because their advantages are high precision, little noise and low power consumption, compared with conventional multilayer actuators (MLAs). Two types of multilayer actuators are considered, namely, stacked-disk and co-fired (Yoshikawa and Shrout, 1993).…”

Effect of Manganese Addition on 94NBT-6BT Lead Free Multilayer Ceramics

“…Internal electrode behavior changes depending on sintering conditions. Thermal mismatch of electrode and ceramic causes deformation on inner electrode and delamination defect while sintering [30] and decrease in polarisation loop [31]. Also Ag-Pd electrode was not preferred before it was known that the presence of excess bismuth exists in the composition and would cause the reaction with palladium [32].…”