Application of amplitude volume technique attributes, their variations, and impact

Vernengo, Luis; Trinchero, Eduardo

doi:10.1190/tle34101246.1

Cited by 22 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…This is obtained by first computing the energy in a short time window and then applying a phase rotation of −90 °(via Hilbert transform). This attribute generates an "outcrop-like" image, which is typically appreciated by interpreters for easy detection of both faults and horizons (Bulhões, 1999;Bulhões and de Amorin, 2005;Vernengo et al, 2015;De Lima et al, 2018;Barnes, 2016;Ercoli et al, 2020). We used a time window of 10 ms as an input parameter to improve both the main and the thinner reflections.…”

Section: Seismic Attribute Analysis Workflowmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidencing subtle faults in deep seismic reflection profiles: Data pre-conditioning and seismic attribute analysis of the legacy CROP-04 profile

et al. 2023

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Legacy seismic reflection data constitute infrastructure of tremendous value for basic research. This is especially relevant in seismically hazardous areas, as such datasets can significantly contribute to the seismotectonic characterization of the region. The quality of the data and the resulting image can be effectively improved by using modern tools, such as pre-conditioning techniques and seismic attributes. The latter are extensively used by the hydrocarbon exploration industry, but are still only poorly applied to the study of active faults. Pre-conditioning filters are effective in removing random noise, which hampers the detection of subtle geologic structures (i.e., normal faults). In this study, a workflow including pre-conditioning and extraction of seismic attributes is used to improve the quality of the CROP-04 deep seismic reflection profile. CROP-04 was acquired in the 1980s across the Southern Apennines mountain range, one of the most hazardous seismically active regions in Italy. The results show the capacity of this method to extract, from low-resolution legacy data, subtle seismic fabrics that correspond to a dense network of fault sets. These seismic signatures and the enhanced discontinuities disrupting the reflections, which were invisible in the original data, correlate well with the main regional normal faults outcropping at the surface. Moreover, the data reveal higher structural complexity, due to many secondary synthetic and antithetic structures, knowledge of which is useful in modeling of the local and regional distribution of the deformation and potentially in guiding future field mapping of active faults. This proposed approach and workflow can be extended to seismotectonic studies of other high-hazard regions worldwide, where seismic reflection data are available.

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Section: Seismic Attribute Analysis Workflowmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidencing subtle faults in deep seismic reflection profiles: Data pre-conditioning and seismic attribute analysis of the legacy CROP-04 profile

et al. 2023

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“…An amplitude-volume enhancement technique (e.g. Bulhões 1999;Bulhões and Amorim 2005;Vernengo and Trinchero 2015) might be applied to the data in order to obtain another useful view of the same radargram (Fig. 10) for interpretation purposes.…”

Section: Amplitude-volume Enhancement Techniquementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Raw GPR data were processed according to the following main steps: obtaining a zero‐offset section by removing the direct wave, low‐frequency noise removal, geometrical spreading and exponential gain compensation (SEC), spectral balancing, Kirchhoff migration, bandpass filtering and amplitude‐volume enhancement (e.g. Bulhões ; Bulhões and Amorim ; Vernengo and Trinchero ). The Reflexw software (Sandmeier ) was used in all processing steps, except in the last one which was performed using Seismic Unix subroutines (Colorado School of Mines).…”

Section: Processing Flowmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing stratigraphic, structural and dissolution features in GPR images of carbonate karst through data processing

Oliveira

Medeiros

Santana

et al. 2019

Near Surface Geophysics

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Obtaining high‐quality ground penetrating radar (GPR) images in karst is difficult because materials resulting from the weathering of carbonate rocks might be electrically conductive. As a consequence, penetration depth and signal resolution might be greatly reduced due to attenuation. In addition, fractures and faults might cause a significant amount of electromagnetic wave scattering. We present a 2D data processing flow which allows improving the quality of GPR images in carbonate karst. The processing flow is composed of the following steps: obtaining a zero‐offset section by removing the direct wave, low‐frequency noise removal, geometrical spreading and exponential gain compensation, spectral balancing, Kirchhoff migration, bandpass filtering, amplitude‐volume enhancement, and topographic correction. For a 200‐MHz dataset, we present in detail each step of the processing flow, exemplifying how to parameterize every step. Spectral balancing is of key importance because it can approximately replenish the high‐frequency content lost due to propagation effects. In this step, we recommend to shift the centroid frequency as much as possible to high‐frequency values, even exceeding the nominal value of the antenna center frequency, but still looking for a band‐limited spectrum as the goal. Despite the difficulty of migrating GPR data, we show that migration (even assuming a constant velocity) might enhance the lateral continuity of the reflection events and allows identification of discontinuities such as faults and fractures. If imaged in a better way, these structures can have special importance as they are often the boundaries of dissolution features. Obtaining images based on amplitude‐volume enhancement techniques allows to better visualize karst voids and deep‐rooted discontinuities because these features are often associated with low‐amplitude zones, which are highlighted in such images. Due to this processing flow, stratigraphic, structural and dissolution features can be enhanced, allowing the interpreter to establish spatial and genetic associations among these elements to obtain a better understanding of the karst formation process.

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“…As we implemented the algorithm using first and second derivatives smooth noise-robust differentiators filters (Holoborodko, 2008), the high frequency cross terms effects were minimized. As any energy estimation, the TK energy has only nonnegative values, then we evaluated a bandpass version of the TK by applying the Hilbert transform (Bulhões and Amorim, 2005;Vernengo and Trinchero, 2015). This variational version of the TK (TKV) is much more palatable to interpreters, and to evaluate seismic attributes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seismic attributes from the complex Teager-Kaiser energy

Matos

Castro

2018

SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2018

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The Teager-Kaiser (TK) energy is an effective way to analyze single component signals. However, as seismic traces are not mono frequency, its TK energy can create cross terms interference. Nevertheless, the TK discrete energy have been successfully applied to bandpass filtered seismic traces, instead of the full bandwidth version. In this study, we propose a single and fast way to circumvent this issue by adapting the original TK formulation for analog signals using bandpass differentiator filters. As the TK energy produces non-negative values, we also evaluated a bandpass filtered version of the TK energy. This variational version of the TK (TKV) are better for seismic interpretation purposes than the TK. Using real seismic data, we also show that similarity attributes can be enhanced by using TKV instead of the seismic amplitude.

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Application of amplitude volume technique attributes, their variations, and impact

Cited by 22 publications

References 7 publications

Evidencing subtle faults in deep seismic reflection profiles: Data pre-conditioning and seismic attribute analysis of the legacy CROP-04 profile

Evidencing subtle faults in deep seismic reflection profiles: Data pre-conditioning and seismic attribute analysis of the legacy CROP-04 profile

Enhancing stratigraphic, structural and dissolution features in GPR images of carbonate karst through data processing

Seismic attributes from the complex Teager-Kaiser energy

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