“…Therefore, H −1 (s) takes the form of an improper transfer function -that is, the polynomial in the denominator is of a lower degree than that in numerator (N > M). As a result, any attempt to transform the results of Equation 4.10 into the time domain using the inverse Laplace transform will yield a solution that does not converge [31]. This is the fundamental invertibility problem that is often encountered with inverse identification models, for which two solutions are developed and presented here.…”