Application of anaesthetics for sex identification and bioactive compound recovery from wild Dicathais orbita

Noble, Warwick; Cocks, Rebecca R.; Harris, James O.; Benkendorff, Kirsten

doi:10.1016/j.jembe.2009.09.006

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Additionally, due to seasonal variation in male PL throughout the reproductive cycle of B. brandaris, the standardised PL constitutes a simple and useful penial index for assessing male maturation and reproductive activity in live B. brandaris. A variety of anaesthetics is used extensively on marine molluscs for non-destructive sampling in biological, ecological and behavioural studies, as well as for manipulating specimens in aquaculture (Noble et al, 2009). Similarly, these two non-killing tools could be easily performed after narcotisation of the individuals (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…immersion in a solution of magnesium chloride until full relaxation), following the protocol proposed for N. lapillus by Gibbs (1999). Anaesthetisation with MgCl 2 has been successfully applied in several gastropod species (mainly for imposex studies), including other muricids such as Dicathais orbita (Noble et al, 2009), H. trunculus (Terlizzi et al, 2004;Vasconcelos et al, 2006;Garaventa et al, 2008), O. erinacea Huet et al, 1995;Gibbs, 1996), Stramonita haemastoma (Rilov et al, 2000) and specifically also in B. brandaris (Ramón & Amor, 2001Chiavarini et al, 2003;Gómez-Ariza et al, 2006). It is widely recognised that anaesthetisation causes the relaxation of the penial muscle, straightening the penis and increasing penis measurement.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Size matters: importance of penis length variation on reproduction studies and imposex monitoring in Bolinus brandaris (Gastropoda: Muricidae)

et al. 2010

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The present study aimed at analysing the monthly variation in penis length (PL) during the reproductive cycle of the purple dye murex (Bolinus brandaris). Two hypotheses were tested: PL variation reflects male maturation and reproductive activity; PL variation bias the calculation of imposex indices based on penis measurement (RPLI and RPSI). Sampling was performed during 1 year in a population from Ria Formosa lagoon (Algarve coast, southern Portugal) with high incidence of imposex. Penis-bearing individuals were measured for shell length (SL) and PL, and two bio-physiological indices were calculated for both sexes, the general condition index (K) and the gonadosomatic index (GSI). PL presented monthly variation in both sexes, but while female PL showed small and random oscillation, male PL exhibited significant variation throughout the reproductive cycle (as evidenced by the similar and synchronous trends between male PL and GSI). These findings have implications both for reproduction studies and imposex monitoring: calculation of standardised PL (PL/SL) allows for gender identification without killing the organism and constitutes a useful penial index for assessing male maturation and reproductive activity; RPLI and RPSI should be applied cautiously in spatial and temporal comparisons of imposex severity in B. brandaris.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Size matters: importance of penis length variation on reproduction studies and imposex monitoring in Bolinus brandaris (Gastropoda: Muricidae)

et al. 2010

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“…The bioactive properties of the brominated indole precursors and the potential for nutraceutical development from the bioactive extracts, provides a further incentive for large-scale sustainable supply. Ecological and life history studies on D. orbita [24,31,33,37,38,39,41,112] contribute to our ability to effectively monitor the population size and recruitment potential of this species. In fact D. orbita has been used as a model species for estimating population size [113,114] and for monitoring TBT pollution in the Australian marine environment [32,115,116].…”

Section: A Biological Basis For Future Natural Products Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, Noble et al . [112] have established that it is possible to obtain the bioactive indole precursors from a mucus secretion of D. orbita , which offers the potential for non-lethal harvest. …”

Section: A Biological Basis For Future Natural Products Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural Product Research in the Australian Marine Invertebrate Dicathais orbita

Benkendorff

2013

Marine Drugs

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The predatory marine gastropod Dicathais orbita has been the subject of a significant amount of biological and chemical research over the past five decades. Natural products research on D. orbita includes the isolation and identification of brominated indoles and choline esters as precursors of Tyrian purple, as well as the synthesis of structural analogues, bioactivity testing, biodistributional and biosynthetic studies. Here I also report on how well these compounds conform to Lipinski’s rule of five for druglikeness and their predicted receptor binding and enzyme inhibitor activity. The composition of mycosporine-like amino acids, fatty acids and sterols has also been described in the egg masses of D. orbita. The combination of bioactive compounds produced by D. orbita is of interest for further studies in chemical ecology, as well as for future nutraceutical development. Biological insights into the life history of this species, as well as ongoing research on the gene expression, microbial symbionts and biosynthetic capabilities, should facilitate sustainable production of the bioactive compounds. Knowledge of the phylogeny of D. orbita provides an excellent platform for novel research into the evolution of brominated secondary metabolites in marine molluscs. The range of polarities in the brominated indoles produced by D. orbita has also provided an effective model system used to develop a new method for biodistributional studies. The well characterized suite of chemical reactions that generate Tyrian purple, coupled with an in depth knowledge of the ecology, anatomy and genetics of D. orbita provide a good foundation for ongoing natural products research.

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“…comm.). The whelk Dicathais orbita (Gmelin), may be an attractive addition to the current aquaculture industry in southern Australia, as it is endemic to southern Australian rocky shores and reefs (Gowlett‐Holmes ) and has been shown to produce anticancer compounds (Benkendorff, McIver & Abbott ; Edwards, Benkendorff & Young ; Benkendorff ) that can be sustainably harvested en masse from adult animals (Noble, Cocks, Harris & Benkendorff ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth, settlement and survival ofDicathais orbita(Neogastropoda, Mollusca) larvae in response to temperature, diet and settlement cues

2013

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The southern Australian whelk, Dicathais orbita, is a potential candidate for aquaculture, as both seafood and for bioactive compound production. Larval rearing experiments to determine the effects of temperature and diet on the growth and survival of D. orbita larvae under laboratory conditions comprised five different unicellular algal diets of two brown algal species; Isochysis galbana and Chaetoceros muelleri, two green algae; Tetraselmis seucica and Nannochloropsis oculata, and a mixture of all four strains for larvae maintained at 16 and 22°C. Absolute growth, specific growth rate (SGR) and survival were determined regularly. Larvae reared at 22°C on a mixed diet, or brown algae, performed significantly better than those reared on green algal diets alone. Preliminary trials with settlement cues were undertaken on different aged larvae to determine when larvae become competent. An array of natural cues (carrion, Xenostrobus pulex, adult mucus and Ulvella lens), as well as concentrations of KCl was tested. KCl(concentration of 20 mM) induced the greatest settlement, however, no larvae metamorphosed under the conditions provided. This study confirms long-lived planktotrophic larval development for Dicathais orbita with higher development rates at the higher water temperatures. Further studies will optimize culture conditions and cues for settlement and metamorphosis.

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Application of anaesthetics for sex identification and bioactive compound recovery from wild Dicathais orbita

Cited by 10 publications

References 47 publications

Size matters: importance of penis length variation on reproduction studies and imposex monitoring in Bolinus brandaris (Gastropoda: Muricidae)

Size matters: importance of penis length variation on reproduction studies and imposex monitoring in Bolinus brandaris (Gastropoda: Muricidae)

Natural Product Research in the Australian Marine Invertebrate Dicathais orbita

Growth, settlement and survival ofDicathais orbita(Neogastropoda, Mollusca) larvae in response to temperature, diet and settlement cues

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