Application of asphalt based materials in railway systems: A review

Design and Application of Rich Bottom Layer Mixtures

“…Furthermore, RBLM applications expand beyond highways to encompass railroads, aiming to mitigate fatigue cracking and expansion at nodes and prevent topdown reflection cracks [18]. The railroad mixtures are carefully managed within a VV range of 1.0%-3.0% while featuring an asphalt content approximately 0.5% higher than highway asphalt mixtures [19]. In this study, the existing indicators of RBLMs were summarized and analyzed, leading to the optimization and proposal of technical indexes for the mixture based on engineering application conditions.…”

Down-Cycling Sustainability of Flexible Polyurethane Foam in Improving Asphalt Performance through a Proper Pyrolysis Approach

“…1−3 Asphalt binder acts as a high-quality viscoelastic material and is becoming increasingly popular in pavement construction. 4 However, various asphalt pavement diseases, including rutting, cracking, and fatigue, were triggered by the incompatibility between the limited comprehensive performance of asphalt binder and the combined effects of traffic loads and ambient environment. 5,6 In most cases, waste polymers retain good physical and mechanical properties after prolonged use in their target application scenarios.…”

“…The concept of down-cycling various waste polymers into the asphalt binder has attracted significant interest and attention from both researchers and engineers. − Asphalt binder acts as a high-quality viscoelastic material and is becoming increasingly popular in pavement construction . However, various asphalt pavement diseases, including rutting, cracking, and fatigue, were triggered by the incompatibility between the limited comprehensive performance of asphalt binder and the combined effects of traffic loads and ambient environment. , In most cases, waste polymers retain good physical and mechanical properties after prolonged use in their target application scenarios. − As a result, down-cycling is a sustainable concept that motivates the incorporation of high-performance waste polymer material into asphalt pavement engineering.…”

Life cycle assessment of freight railroads: a critical analysis and guideline proposal

“…In this study, a few review papers in the field of LCA applied to railroads have been considered, even though they do not count with a common review method between them, and each one covers a determinate subdivision of the railroad theme. For instance, Jiang, Wan, Yang, and Zhang (2021) explored the impacts of high-speed rail projects on CO2 emissions due to modal interactions; Xiao, Cai, Lou, Shi, and Xiao (2021) focused on the application of asphalt-based materials in railway systems; analyzed exclusively embodied emissions in rail infrastructure; Dincer and Zamfirescu (2016) reviewed novel energy options for cleaner rail applications; and Du and Karoumi (2014) researched the LCA framework applied to railroad bridges. Since a railroad system comprises several subsystems, most published papers focus on one specific subsystem, such as infrastructure, operation, bridges, rolling stock, or design.…”