Application of ATAD technology for digesting sewage sludge in small towns: Operation and costs

Sewage-Water Treatment and Sewage-Sludge Management with Power Production as Bioenergy with Carbon Capture System: A Review

“…ATAD is sludge stabilization in which the system gradually rises to a thermophilic range (45-65 • C) thanks to the metabolic heat released by microorganisms during digestion [54]. Some works report high temperatures, such as Pembroke and Ryan (2019) [55], which evaluated ATAD for sewage-sludge stabilization and achieved temperature elevations to 70-75 • C. Liu et al (2012) [56] investigated the effects of ATAD temperatures on the stabilization of sludge properties at thermophilic conditions of 45 • C and 55 • C. Martín et al (2018) [57] presented a technical and economic analysis of ATAD for treating sewage sludge on small and medium scales considering temperature conditions similar to Liu et al (2012) [56]. Martín et al (2018) [57] results showed a stabilized sludge that was economically feasible for agriculture applications with an optimal HRT = 7 d. However, they achieved 34% COD removal, while Liu et al (2012) [56] achieved 42.9% and 45% removal of volatile solids.…”

Clarification of the Dynamic Autothermal Thermophilic Aerobic Digestion Process Using Metagenomic Analysis

“…In this process, the temperature increases up to 55 to 70°C owing to mainly bacterial heat that oxidizes organic compounds without external heating, and pathogens and plant seeds are inactivated ( 5 , 6 ). Compared with other wastewater treatment systems, there are several advantages of the ATAD process; for example, it has a simple controlling process with low facility costs, and it has a high degradation efficiency with a shorter treatment time ( 7 ). Digested wastewater following ATAD treatment can be directly utilized as a pathogen-free liquid fertilizer ( 8 ).…”