Application of Biochar to the Remediation of Pb-Contaminated Solutions

Boni, Maria Rosaria; Chiavola, Agostina; Marzeddu, Simone

doi:10.3390/su10124440

Cited by 21 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 72 publications

(100 reference statements)

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“…The integration of Equation (4) for the first order reaction and some mathematical handlings, gave the Equation (5).…”

Section: Mathematical Model Appliedmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, pyrolysis offers a faster and clean thermal conversion of biomass into several products, including bio-oil, evolved-gases, and biochar [4]. Biochar is often considered to be a promising application for soil amendments and has also shown the potential to remove soil pollutants [5]. However, the products obtained depend upon the reaction conditions, particle size, and nature of the biomass [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pyrolysis and Thermogravimetric Study to Elucidate the Bioenergy Potential of Novel Feedstock Produced on Poor Soils While Keeping the Environmental Sustainability Intact

et al. 2019

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This work focused on exploring the bioenergy potential of biomass produced on salt-affected soils by growing two types of grasses, namely Parthenium hysterophorus (carrot grass) and Pennesetum benthiumo (mott grass), without using fertilizers or pesticides. The whole plant biomass of both grasses was pyrolyzed at three heating rates (10, 30, and 50 °C min−1) in a joined Thermogravimetry–Differential Scanning Calorimetry (TGA–DSC) analyzer under an inert (nitrogen) environment. The pyrolysis of both grasses was shown to occur in a three-stage process, while most of the thermal transformation occurred at the temperature range of 240–400 °C. The pyrolytic behavior was assessed by estimating the kinetic parameters, using the isoconversional models of Kissenger–Akahira–Sunose and Ozawa–Flynn–Wall. The average values of the activation energy of carrot and mott grasses were shown to be 267 kJ mol−1 (R2 ≥ 0.98) and 188 kJ mol−1 (R2 ≥ 0.98), indicating the suitability of both grasses for co-pyrolysis. Whereas, the difference in the values of enthalpy change and the activation energy was shown to be <~5 kJ mol−1 at each fractional point, which indicated that the product formation was being favored. Moreover, the high heating values of carrot grass (18.25 MJ kg−1) and mott grass (18.63 MJ kg−1) have shown a remarkable bioenergy potential and suitability of co-pyrolysis for both grasses. This study will lead to establishing an energy-efficient and cost-effective process for the thermal transformation of biomass to bioenergy.

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“…The integration of Equation (4) for the first order reaction and some mathematical handlings, gave the Equation (5).…”

Section: Mathematical Model Appliedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pyrolysis and Thermogravimetric Study to Elucidate the Bioenergy Potential of Novel Feedstock Produced on Poor Soils While Keeping the Environmental Sustainability Intact

et al. 2019

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“…Biochar (BC) is a carbonaceous material produced in an oxygen-free environment [8]. Due to its specific structure and physicochemical properties [9][10][11][12], BC can be used as an effective adsorbent material to adsorb heavy metals from aqueous solutions [13,14]. Much work has been done on the adsorption of Cu(II) and Zn(II) onto BCs derived from plant-residue or agricultural waste such as sesame straw [15], pine sawdust [16], pine and jarrah [17], hickory wood [18], pistachio shells [19], and so on.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Absorption of Cu(II) and Zn(II) from Aqueous Solutions onto Biochars Derived from Apple Tree Branches

Zhao

Wang

2020

Energies

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The aim of this study was to investigate the adsorption of Cu(II) and Zn(II) onto apple tree branches biochar (BC) produced at 300, 400, 500 and 600 °C (BC300, BC400, BC500, and BC600), respectively. The effect of adsorbent dosage, pH value, contact time, initial concentration of Cu(II) or Zn(II), and temperature on the adsorption process were investigated. The result showed that 5 g BC·L−1 was the optimal dosage to remove Cu(II) and Zn(II) from wastewater and the maximum adsorption efficiency was achieved at a pH of 5.0 for all the BCs when the initial concentration of Cu(II) and Zn(II) were 64 and 65 mg L−1, respectively. Adsorption kinetics and isotherm experiments showed that the pseudo-second order equation and the Langmuir isotherm could best describe the adsorption process, indicating that the adsorption of Cu(II) and Zn(II) onto BCs were monolayer processes and chemisorption was the rate limiting step. The values of ΔG0 for the absorption of Cu(II) and Zn(II) on all BCs were negative, while the values of ΔH0 were positive, suggesting that the absorption was a spontaneous endothermic process. The mechanisms of BC adsorption of metal ions adsorption include surface precipitation, ion exchange, and minor contribution by cation-π interaction. BC500 had highest Cu(II) and Zn(II) adsorption capacity under various conditions (except at pH 2.0). The maximum adsorption capacities of Cu(II) and Zn(II) on BC500 were 11.41 and 10.22 mg·g−1, respectively. Therefore, BC derived from apple tree branches produced at 500 °C can be used as an adsorbent to remove Cu(II) and Zn(II) from wastewater.

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“…Adsorption of a number of inorganic and organic compounds was already tested with biochar [109][110][111][112][113][114][115][116][117][118][119][120][121][122]. Heavy metal adsorption is of particular interest, because adsorption is a very promising and low-cost process to remove metal ions in aqueous environments with a low-concentration range [7,[123][124][125]. It is possible to enhance the adsorption properties of biochars by preparing activated carbons via chemical or physical activation [126,127].…”

Section: Slow Pyrolysismentioning

confidence: 99%

State-of-the-Art Char Production with a Focus on Bark Feedstocks: Processes, Design, and Applications

Şen

Pereira

2021

Processes

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In recent years, there has been a surge of interest in char production from lignocellulosic biomass due to the fact of char’s interesting technological properties. Global char production in 2019 reached 53.6 million tons. Barks are among the most important and understudied lignocellulosic feedstocks that have a large potential for exploitation, given bark global production which is estimated to be as high as 400 million cubic meters per year. Chars can be produced from barks; however, in order to obtain the desired char yields and for simulation of the pyrolysis process, it is important to understand the differences between barks and woods and other lignocellulosic materials in addition to selecting a proper thermochemical method for bark-based char production. In this state-of-the-art review, after analyzing the main char production methods, barks were characterized for their chemical composition and compared with other important lignocellulosic materials. Following these steps, previous bark-based char production studies were analyzed, and different barks and process types were evaluated for the first time to guide future char production process designs based on bark feedstock. The dry and wet pyrolysis and gasification results of barks revealed that application of different particle sizes, heating rates, and solid residence times resulted in highly variable char yields between the temperature range of 220 °C and 600 °C. Bark-based char production should be primarily performed via a slow pyrolysis route, considering the superior surface properties of slow pyrolysis chars.

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Application of Biochar to the Remediation of Pb-Contaminated Solutions

Cited by 21 publications

References 72 publications

Pyrolysis and Thermogravimetric Study to Elucidate the Bioenergy Potential of Novel Feedstock Produced on Poor Soils While Keeping the Environmental Sustainability Intact

Pyrolysis and Thermogravimetric Study to Elucidate the Bioenergy Potential of Novel Feedstock Produced on Poor Soils While Keeping the Environmental Sustainability Intact

Absorption of Cu(II) and Zn(II) from Aqueous Solutions onto Biochars Derived from Apple Tree Branches

State-of-the-Art Char Production with a Focus on Bark Feedstocks: Processes, Design, and Applications

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