Application of Carbon Source Utilization Patterns To Measure the Metabolic Similarity of Complex Dental Plaque Biofilm Microcosms

Anderson, Sally A.; Sissons, C.H.; Coleman, Michele; Wong, L.

doi:10.1128/aem.68.11.5779-5783.2002

Cited by 17 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The metabolic profiles of bacteria and yeasts show that almost all species can consume a more or less broad range of substrates, whereas the identity of these varies among species. This is, indeed, the basis of identifying microbial taxa on the basis of their patterns of substrate utilization (Stanier et al 1966;Victorio et al 1996;Anderson et al 2002;Dawson et al 2002). Experiments using complex mixtures of many substrates, each present at low concentration, would be likely to select for broad generalization, although none have yet been reported.…”

Section: Se P 10%mentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Evolution ofPseudomonas fluorescensin Simple and Complex Environments

Barrett¹,

MacLean²,

Bell³

2005

The American Naturalist

102

111

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In complex environments that contain several substitutable resources, lineages may become specialized to consume only one or a few of them. Here we investigate the importance of environmental complexity in determining the evolution of niche width over approximately 900 generations in a chemically defined experimental system. We propagated 120 replicate lines of the bacterium Pseudomonas fluorescens in environments of different complexity by using between one and eight carbon substrates in each environment. Genotypes from populations selected in complex environments evolved greater mean and variance in fitness than those from populations selected in simple environments. Thus, lineages were able to adapt to several substrates simultaneously without any appreciable loss of function with respect to other substrates present in the media. There was greater genetic and genotype-by-environment interaction variance for fitness within populations selected in complex environments. It is likely that genetic variance in populations grown on complex media was maintained because the identity of the fittest genotype varied among carbon substrates. Our results suggest that evolution in complex environments will result neither in narrow specialists nor in complete generalists but instead in overlapping imperfect generalists, each of which has become adapted to a certain range of substrates but not to all.

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Section: Se P 10%mentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Evolution ofPseudomonas fluorescensin Simple and Complex Environments

Barrett¹,

MacLean²,

Bell³

2005

The American Naturalist

102

111

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“…To investigate the effects of low pressure under simulated Martian conditions on the metabolic fingerprint of S. liquefaciens , Biolog GN2 microarrays were used which have been successfully tested under low pO 2 and low temperature conditions 27 . The microarrays are based on the measurements of redox potential changes in accordance with purple-colour development of a redox sensitive dye which has been proven very useful for qualitative and quantitative determination of microbial metabolism under aerobic and most anaerobic conditions 28 – 30 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic fingerprints of Serratia liquefaciens under simulated Martian conditions using Biolog GN2 microarrays

Schwendner

Schuerger

2018

Sci Rep

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Microorganisms growing at atmospheric pressures of 0.7 kPa may have a significant impact on the search for life on Mars. Data on their nutrient requirements in a simulated Martian environment are required to ascertain both the potential risk of forward contamination and the potential of past or present habitability of Mars. Serratia liquefaciens can grow at concomitant conditions of low pressure, low temperature, and anoxic atmosphere. Changes in the metabolic fingerprint of S. liquefaciens grown under varying physical conditions including diverse atmospheric pressures (0.7 kPa to 101.3 kPa), temperatures (30 °C or 0 °C), and atmospheric gas compositions (Earth or CO2) were investigated using Biolog GN2 assays. Distinct patterns for each condition were observed. Above 10 kPa S. liquefaciens performed similar to Earth-normal pressure conditions (101.3 kPa) whereas below 10 kPa shifts in metabolic patterns were observed. The differences indicated a physiological alteration in which S. liquefaciens lost its ability to metabolize the majority of the provided carbon sources at 0.7 kPa with a significant decrease in the oxidation of amino acids. By measuring the physiological responses to different carbon sources we were able to identify nutritional constraints that support cellular replication under simulated shallow Mars subsurface conditions.

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“…23,24 Generally, clinical investigations of biofilms are complicated by the heterogeneity of the oral environment, the distribution of carbohydrates, and the complex interactions between micro-organisms and hosts. 25 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic activity of Streptococcus mutans biofilms and gene expression during exposure to xylitol and sucrose

et al. 2014

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The objective of the study was to analyse Streptococcus mutans biofilms grown under different dietary conditions by using multifaceted methodological approaches to gain deeper insight into the cariogenic impact of carbohydrates. S. mutans biofilms were generated during a period of 24 h in the following media: Schaedler broth as a control medium containing endogenous glucose, Schaedler broth with an additional 5% sucrose, and Schaedler broth supplemented with 1% xylitol. The confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM)-based analyses of the microbial vitality, respiratory activity (5-cyano-2,3-ditolyl tetrazolium chloride, CTC) and production of extracellular polysaccharides (EPS) were performed separately in the inner, middle and outer biofilm layers. In addition to the microbiological sample testing, the glucose/sucrose consumption of the biofilm bacteria was quantified, and the expression of glucosyltransferases and other biofilm-associated genes was investigated. Xylitol exposure did not inhibit the viability of S. mutans biofilms, as monitored by the following experimental parameters: culture growth, vitality, CTC activity and EPS production. However, xylitol exposure caused a difference in gene expression compared to the control. GtfC was upregulated only in the presence of xylitol. Under xylitol exposure, gtfB was upregulated by a factor of 6, while under sucrose exposure, it was upregulated by a factor of three. Compared with glucose and xylitol, sucrose increased cell vitality in all biofilm layers. In all nutrient media, the intrinsic glucose was almost completely consumed by the cells of the S. mutans biofilm within 24 h. After 24 h of biofilm formation, the multiparametric measurements showed that xylitol in the presence of glucose caused predominantly genotypic differences but did not induce metabolic differences compared to the control. Thus, the availability of dietary carbohydrates in either a pure or combined form seems to affect the cariogenic potential of S. mutans biofilms.

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Application of Carbon Source Utilization Patterns To Measure the Metabolic Similarity of Complex Dental Plaque Biofilm Microcosms

Cited by 17 publications

References 21 publications

Experimental Evolution ofPseudomonas fluorescensin Simple and Complex Environments

Experimental Evolution ofPseudomonas fluorescensin Simple and Complex Environments

Metabolic fingerprints of Serratia liquefaciens under simulated Martian conditions using Biolog GN2 microarrays

Metabolic activity of Streptococcus mutans biofilms and gene expression during exposure to xylitol and sucrose

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