1994
DOI: 10.3109/07357909409023048
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Application of Chemical Immunomodulators to the Treatment of Cancer and AIDS

Abstract: A number of potential advantages, development of promising new agents, and the discovery of synergy with cytokines or cell products continue to spur research into the application of chemical immunomodulators for the treatment of cancer and AIDS. In preclinical in vitro and in vivo systems, chemical immunomodulators definitely modulate the immune system and have therapeutic efficacy. Although clinical trials have shown the ability of these agents to modulate the human immune system, thus far chemical immunomodu… Show more

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Cited by 11 publications
(4 citation statements)
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“…The spleen cell counts were adjusted to 2.5 × 10 6 cell/ml in RPMI1640 (Gibco Life Technologies, Germany) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (Invitrogen, Paisley Germany), 100 μg/ml streptomycin, and 100 IU/ml penicillin (Sigma, Germany). These cells were then stimulated with 20 μg/ml of the tumor antigen (the amount was determined in a previous study) for 72 h [4] at 37°C in a humidified atmosphere of 5% CO 2 . The levels of IL-17 and IFN-γ in the spleen cell culture supernatants were determined using ELISA kits (R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN), according to the manufacturer’s instructions.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…The spleen cell counts were adjusted to 2.5 × 10 6 cell/ml in RPMI1640 (Gibco Life Technologies, Germany) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (Invitrogen, Paisley Germany), 100 μg/ml streptomycin, and 100 IU/ml penicillin (Sigma, Germany). These cells were then stimulated with 20 μg/ml of the tumor antigen (the amount was determined in a previous study) for 72 h [4] at 37°C in a humidified atmosphere of 5% CO 2 . The levels of IL-17 and IFN-γ in the spleen cell culture supernatants were determined using ELISA kits (R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN), according to the manufacturer’s instructions.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Immunomodulatory agents are divided in two groups of immunosupressors and immunostimulators. Chemical immunomodulators like levamizole have been used in order to stimulate immune response against cancer and AIDS [4]. Natural immunomodulators like glucan or other oligosaccharide components which are mostly derived from microbial source are being applied to stimulate the immune response against cancers [5].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…However, such tumor-specific antigens have been hard to find, and so many of the immune agents now in use do target healthy cells as well, but the hope is that these can later be rep laced. 7…”
Section: Immunotherapy Of Cancermentioning
confidence: 99%
“…There are many types of immunomodulators, such as bacterial preparations (e.g., lipopolysaccharide (LPS)), chemical preparations (e.g., cyclophosphamide (CTX)), and biochemical preparations (e.g., thymosin) [4]. However, some chemical immunomodulators have serious side effects, which not only have a specific inhibitory effect on the cause of immune diseases, but also have general inhibitory effects on normal tissue cells [5]. Inflammation, infection, tumors, organ bleeding, and loss of pregnancy have all been reported as being induced after the administration of chemical immunomodulators [6].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%