Application of coal-based direct reduction-magnetic separation process for recycling of high-iron-content non-ferrous metallurgical wastes: Challenges and opportunities

Steam-assisted electro-reduction of NiO: a sustainable alternative to conventional hydrogen reduction

“…Conventionally, primary nickel is extracted from sulfide or laterite ores through complex and batch-mode procedures, entailing substantial energy consumption and resulting in detrimental environmental impacts. 5 In contrast to ores, there exists an abundance of metal–oxide-based waste from industrial sectors such as electronics, equipment and machinery. 6 Consequently, the development of clean and efficient methods to convert metal oxides into corresponding metals and alloys becomes as an imperative task.…”