Application of coating technology to chronotherapeutic drug delivery systems: Recent publications and patents

Abstract

In general, extended release systems have the ability to maintain the drug concentration with in therapeutic range for prolonged period of time, but this may not be the primary requisite for circadian rhythm diseases like asthma, hypertension and rheumatoid arthritis, etc. They require prompt release of drug as per the disease condition, which can be achieved by programmed lag time. Chronotherapeutic drug delivery systems (CDDS) can be achieved by several methods, coating is one amongst them. Though the coating process is complex in terms of methodology, solubility issues and difficulty in achieving the uniform coating, many researchers were successfully employed in development of CDDS. A scientific prospection was made from 2010 to 2020 using PubMed database. Apart from exploration of publication data, we attempt to brief about classification of patents and concordance. The scrutiny also highlights the patents filed on chronotherapeutic systems, focusing particularly on coating technologies. The review is concluded the successful application of coating technology to develop CDDS, as evident from vast number of publications and patents filed.

Compression-coated pulsatile chronomodulated therapeutic system: QbD assisted optimization

“…Various strategies are available to instigate chronotherapeutic drug delivery that releases the drug in a pulse after a lag time. The compression coating is one of the easy ways to manufacture pulsatile systems owing to less laborious, avoids granulation procedures, enhances drug stability by safeguarding from humidity, and further, it can be simply designed by adjusting the compression instrumentation which is presently used (Gowthami et al., 2021 ; Hadi et al., 2015 ). Compression-coated tablets (CCT) consist of active drugs in the inner part that is rapidly disintegrating releasing the drug promptly.…”

Chrono-tailored drug delivery systems: recent advances and future directions

“…Different methods of modifying tablet coatings for delayed release are available. While some delayed-release tablets can be repurposed for chrono-tailored drug delivery, other tablet formulations have been specifically developed for chrono-tailored DDS [ 89 , 90 ]. Coating technology is generally applied to delay the release of tablets.…”

Antihypertensives’ Rock around the Clock

“…CDDSs are primarily formulated for bedtime administration since diseases affected by circadian rhythms are usually worse in the middle of the night or early morning. CDDSs release API following sigmoid release profile with a specific lag time adapted to the condition [71]. An ideal chronotherapeutic dosage form should have an integrated, time-controlled, and site-specific drug delivery system, regardless of the site of administration [12].…”