Application of contaminant species separation by TGA/MS to unraveling outgassing physics and laws

Roussel, Jean-François; Lansade, David; Alred, John M.; Wong, Anthony T.; Anderson, John R.; Soares, Carlos E.; Faye, Delphine; Rioland, Guillaume

doi:10.1117/12.2634672

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Once individual molecules are identified, it becomes much easier to find specific fragments in the MS data and analyze their behavior during outgassing. This part of the work is very well described in the companion paper [12] that goes along this article.…”

Section: Chemical Species Identificationmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…These results are still unpublished and are partly reported here. Globally, this other epoxy glue behaved similarly, with a reasonably good species separation by the TGA/MS method, which allowed identifying a large majority of the outgassed species (cf below) and their outgassing behavior (cf companion paper [12]). The silicone paint was a more difficult case, with many fragments seen in MS behaving similarly during the TGA, either because of poor physical species separation during the reemission during the TGA, or because many fragments are common to several chemical species.…”

Section: Test Campaignsmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…MS and QCM data gathered during the deposit reemission (TGA) are analyzed to separate the contribution of different species, and possibly identify them in chemical species databases. Its companion paper [12] focusses on the second step of data processing: the determination of each chemical species outgassing law.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Separation of contaminant species by TGA/MS in European and U.S. approaches to outgassing

Lansade

Roussel

Alred

et al. 2022

Space Systems Contamination: Prediction, Control, and Performance 2022

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Well-established procedures for the characterization of contamination during outgassing usually involve total mass measurements through quartz crystal microbalance (QCM). Recently, the addition of mass spectrometry (MS) measurements to these data has become more common. The combination of both high sensitivity QCM and MS data may lead to a better understanding of the physics taking place during outgassing contamination processes. The way to do so is to complement the basic measurements of total mass loss on QCMs by the identification of each species and the quantitative determination of each species contribution.In a first characterization step, the thermogravimetric analysis of contaminants deposited on QCMs allows a partial species separation that helps exploiting mass spectrometry data. In return, these data permit a finer species separation. The key to these measurements is to obtain sufficient signal to noise ratio in the mass spectrometer. Though outgassing of space materials is not done the same way in Europe (multi-temperature steps, ECSS-Q-TM-70-52A) and in the US (isothermal, ASTM E-1559-09), both tests could be used to perform a first species separation, as reported here. Most species outgassed by a few common materials were identified (and quantified) through TGA and MS coupling. As reported in a companion paper, the knowledge of these species' spectra then allows the analysis of the MS data during the initial outgassing phase, determining the quantitative outgassing of each species and leading to the improved comprehension of the physical laws ruling outgassing.

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Section: Chemical Species Identificationmentioning

confidence: 81%

Section: Test Campaignsmentioning

confidence: 89%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Separation of contaminant species by TGA/MS in European and U.S. approaches to outgassing

Lansade

Roussel

Alred

et al. 2022

Space Systems Contamination: Prediction, Control, and Performance 2022

Self Cite

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Improvement of Bake-Out Prediction thanks to Realistic Species Separation

Roussel

Lansade

Faye

et al. 2023

IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng.

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A new approach to material outgassing modelling based on chemical species separation was applied to Bake-Out modelling. The outgassing of the Scotchweld EC-9323-2 epoxy glue was first characterized experimentally, both before and after Bake-Out. Based on the former, the latter was modelled, following the classical approach on the one hand and the new approach on the other hand. The MS-based species separation of this new approach allowed measuring the emitted flux of each species individually, even during the outgassing phase. The evolution of these fluxes all along the outgassing tests, during the five classical 24 h plateaus was successfully modelled by diffusion-limited outgassing laws, while it proved inconsistent with a desorption-limited outgassing. Their modelling by diffusion laws allowed a very consistent modelling of the total mass measurements in TML and CVCMs, with a small number of chemical species of different volatilities. The effect of a preliminary Bake-Out on this outgassing was finally modelled and compared to the experimental characterization of the baked material. The modelling accuracy still remains comparable to that of the traditional modelling based on mathematical species. Yet, the realistic species separation of the new approach allows simpler assumptions on water regain (its first species) than the traditional one, which needs to assess the amount of water contained in each mathematical species. Progress in the new method should come from an improved species separation and a direct characterisation of the water flux.

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Automated Identification of Outgassed Chemical Species Using Mass Spectrometry for Scientific Space Missions

Hui,

Muller,

Alred

et al. 2024

Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets

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Current and planned space exploration and life detection missions such as NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory’s Mars 2020, Mars Sample Return, and Europa Clipper require record-low contamination levels. In this work, we develop a novel automated outgassing contamination species identification method using mass spectrometry data. Thanks to the existing knowledge of ASTM-E1559 and direct analysis in real-time mass spectrometry material testing methods, we improved species outgassing deconvolution and physical characterization techniques. We developed a brand-new combined approach that leverages both tests’ complementary insights into contaminants’ chemical identities. Namely, we rely on the Dromey–Foyster algorithm and the Seven Golden Rules of mass spectrometry analysis to narrow down the probable identified molecules by a factor of 10 compared to the sole use of ASTM-E1559. Furthermore, thanks to recent advances in machine learning spectral analysis, we developed a composite spectral score that ranks all candidate contaminants based on their similarity to the measurements. Ultimately, we validated an automated species identification algorithm on samples of NuSil CV4-2946, Dacron, and a spacecraft cable component. The techniques established in this work enable accurate estimations of outgassed contaminant species’ chemical structure, leading to a comprehensive understanding of the effects of outgassing on scientific objectives.

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Application of contaminant species separation by TGA/MS to unraveling outgassing physics and laws

Cited by 3 publications

References 10 publications

Separation of contaminant species by TGA/MS in European and U.S. approaches to outgassing

Separation of contaminant species by TGA/MS in European and U.S. approaches to outgassing

Improvement of Bake-Out Prediction thanks to Realistic Species Separation

Automated Identification of Outgassed Chemical Species Using Mass Spectrometry for Scientific Space Missions

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