2022
DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.880030
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Application of CRISPR/Cas Genomic Editing Tools for HIV Therapy: Toward Precise Modifications and Multilevel Protection

Abstract: Although highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) can robustly control human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, the existence of latent HIV in a form of proviral DNA integrated into the host genome makes the virus insensitive to HAART. This requires patients to adhere to HAART for a lifetime, often leading to drug toxicity or viral resistance to therapy. Current genome-editing technologies offer different strategies to reduce the latent HIV reservoir in the body. In this review, we systematize the res… Show more

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Cited by 9 publications
(9 citation statements)
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“…The second approach includes the introduction of new constructs into the genome to supply T cells with factors preventing viral entry or replication [37,38]. A recent review provides the details of these strategies [39].…”
Section: T Cells Against Hivmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The second approach includes the introduction of new constructs into the genome to supply T cells with factors preventing viral entry or replication [37,38]. A recent review provides the details of these strategies [39].…”
Section: T Cells Against Hivmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…To date, three clinical trials have been set up using the ZFN method; one of them was carried out on T cells isolated from HIV-positive patients [ 7 ]. Chimeric ZFN proteins were engineered to modify the expression of CCR5 chemokine receptors, making them resistant to viral infection.…”
Section: Brief Review Of Molecular Tools For Genome Editing Before Cr...mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…While highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) drugs have remained the mainstay of HIV-1 treatment, these drugs act by suppressing HIV-1 replication, and do not effectively eradicate HIV-1 proviral DNA from latently infected cells. Once HAART therapy is ceased, the latent infection is able to rebound and continue to debilitate patients (Eggleton and Nagalli, 2022;Maslennikova and Mazurov, 2022). Thus, the clear challenge in the race for an effective cure for HIV-1 infection lies in the removal of proviral DNA in latently infected cells, a similar challenge to that of HTLV-1 infection, and in fact all retroviral infections.…”
Section: Antisense Transcription Models In Retroviral Therapeuticsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Thus, the clear challenge in the race for an effective cure for HIV-1 infection lies in the removal of proviral DNA in latently infected cells, a similar challenge to that of HTLV-1 infection, and in fact all retroviral infections. Multiple strategies exist for anti-HIV-1 applications of CRISPR, and they can be generally grouped into knock-out and knock-in strategies (Maslennikova and Mazurov, 2022). Knock-out of viral coreceptors CCR5 and CXCR4 and direct targeting of active and inactive proviral DNA exist as two strategies targeting the removal of critical stages of HIV-1 infection (Yu et al, 2018).…”
Section: Antisense Transcription Models In Retroviral Therapeuticsmentioning
confidence: 99%
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