“…Many recent reports have shown the suitability of this technique to improve the hydrophilic properties of membranes, resulting in fouling mitigation [ 34 , 38 , 39 , 40 ]. Researchers have worked on the modification of polymeric membranes using various additives including polymer-based materials such hydrophilic or amphiphilic polymers, biopolymers and nature-derived materials [ 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 ], metal-based nanomaterials [ 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 ], ceramic-based nanomaterials [ 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 ], carbon allotropes (graphene-based materials, carbon nanotubes, etc. ), layered and porous nanomaterials (e.g., zeolites, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), etc.)…”