Application of Digital Image Processing Techniques to Geological and Geomorphological Features of Southwest Jordan

Abstract

A Landsat image of the multispectral scanner system covering an area lying between the Aqabah Gulf and the southern margin of the Dead Sea was analyzed by digital image processing techniques to delineate various geological and structural features of southwest Jordan area. Two major techniques in digital image processing were employed. They are preprocessing and enhancement, and their constituent treatment processes. Types of lithology, lineaments and topographic contrasts of southwest Jordan were used as test criteria. Results of comparison indicate that the combination of images processed by first principal component, second principal component and filtered first principal component as assigned to the hue, saturation and intensity system coordinates, respectively, provided better results than products of other digital techniques. Such good results enable geologists to map major lithologies, lineaments and other structural features effectively, as well as to assess topographic variations.

Combined effects of cyclic load and temperature fluctuation on the mechanical behavior of porous sandstones

“…Some techniques have been used to investigate the changes in microstructures within rocks subjected to external loading. These techniques mainly include computed tomography (CT) scanning (Nasseri et al, 2011;Jia et al, 2013), scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis (Zuo et al, 2015), and digital imaging treatment (Al-Shumaimri, 2012). As a new approach for characterizing the microstructures in rocks, the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technique has been increasingly used in the laboratory to evaluate the porosity and pore-size distribution of rock (e.g., Baud et al, 2014;Shang et al, 2015;Li et al, 2016).…”