The interference method for determining the speed of objects using direct optical heterodyning (PDV-Photonic Doppler Velocimetry) has become widespread due to the simplicity of setting up the fiber-optic system, the unambiguousness of the results, and wide possibilities for varying the measurement accuracy and temporal resolution. The accuracy of speed measurement can be fractions of a percent, but there are a number of factors that prevent this. For example, a change in the speed of an object, that is, its movement with acceleration, leads to a broadening of the signal spectrum with an increase in the working time window and, as a consequence, to a decrease, rather than an increase in the accuracy of speed measurement. In this paper, we propose a method to compensate for the effect of acceleration on the accuracy of speed measurement. The proposed model for processing the registered signals makes it possible to determine both the acceleration and the speed of the object. The applied algorithm made it possible to avoid spectrum broadening with an increase in the time window and to increase the accuracy of measuring the speed of a freely falling body by an order of magnitude.