Application of E-Beam Treatment to Flue Gas Cleanup in Japan

Maezawa, Akinori; Izutsu, M.

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-78476-7_4

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…The non-thermal plasmas are characterized by the production of energetic electrons, which in turn create free radicals decomposing the toxic molecules. Various methods of plasma-based removal like electron beam [2,3], corona [4,5], dielectric barrier discharges [6][7][8][9] and photo-triggered discharges [10] have already been studied for gas cleaning purposes. Electrical discharges appear very attractive for automotive pollutant control.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pulsed microwave discharge at atmospheric pressure for NO_xdecomposition

Baeva

Gier

Pott

et al. 2001

Plasma Sources Sci. Technol.

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A 3.0 GHz pulsed microwave source operated at atmospheric pressure with a pulse power of 1.4 MW, a maximum repetition rate of 40 Hz, and a pulse length of 3.5 µs is experimentally studied with respect to the ability to remove NO x from synthetic exhaust gases. Experiments in gas mixtures containing N 2 /O 2 /NO with typically 500 ppm NO are carried out. The discharge is embedded in a high-Q microwave resonator, which provides a reliable plasma ignition. Vortex flow is applied to the exhaust gas to improve gas treatment. Concentration measurements by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirm an NO x reduction of more than 90% in the case of N 2 /NO mixtures. The admixture of oxygen lowers the reductive potential of the reactor, but NO x reduction can still be observed up to 9% O 2 concentration. Coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering technique is applied to measure the vibrational and rotational temperature of N 2 . Gas temperatures of about 400 K are found, whilst the vibrational temperature is 3000-3500 K in pure N 2 . The vibrational temperature drops to 1500 K when O 2 and/or NO are present. The randomly distributed relative frequency of occurrence of selected breakdown field intensities is measured by a calibrated, short linear-antenna. The breakdown field strength in pure N 2 amounts to 2.2 × 10 6 V m −1 , a value that is reproducible within 2%. In the case of O 2 and/or NO admixture, the frequency distribution of the breakdown field strength scatters more and extends over a range from 3 to 8 × 10 6 V m −1 .

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pulsed microwave discharge at atmospheric pressure for NO_xdecomposition

Baeva

Gier

Pott

et al. 2001

Plasma Sources Sci. Technol.

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“…The results obtained based on the recently developed process, corona discharge-electron beam hybrid process, is one of such example (Chang et al, 1996). The other is to seek its applications into other kinds of gas treatment, for example, traffic tunnel ventilation gas treatment, incinerator flue gas treatment and the treatment of gases containing various kinds of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) (Maezawa and Izutsu, 1993). A recently published review paper has summarized, in detail, the historical development of the EBARA electron beam process for environmental pollution control (Frank and Hirano, 1993).…”

Section: Ii) Electron-beam-induced Plasma Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of NO_xfrom Flue Gas by Reburning with Plasma Activated Natural Gas: Review and Economics

Bartoszek

Vasquez

et al. 1998

Combustion Science and Technology

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By initiating chain reactions that consume NO x , CHj radicals play an important role in natural gas rebuming. In conventional reburning, most of the methane is consumed in reactions with oxygen to fonn CO, and does not produce CHi radicals as intermediate products, which limits NO reduction efficiency. Activating natural gas externally to the boiler may generate a mixture of CHi radicals by passing CH. through a discharge before injection into the rebuming zone. Five activation technologies are reviewed: microwave heating and discharge plasmas, electron beam irradiation-induced plasmas, corona discharge induced plasmas, and thermal plasmas. Wall, cyclone and tangentially fired boilers were considered in the economic assessment. From preliminary capital and operating cost estimates, pulse corona and electron beam techniques appear to be the most promising activation techniques.

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“…Two ELW-3 accelerators, from the Institute of Nuclear Physics in Novosibirsk, Russia, each suppJy 50 kW at 700 keV to provide the required electron beam power. Additional pilot plants are in operation in Japan at the Ebara facility in Fujisawa (32) and at the Chuba Electric Plant in Nagoya (33). The beam power required, for typical flue gas irradiation of about 1 Mrad, is estimated to be about 1.5% to 3% of the total plant generating capacity (34).…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental and industrial applications of pulsed power systems

Neau

1994

IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci.

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The technology base formed by the development of high peak power simulators, laser drivers, free electron lasers (FEL's), and Inertial Confinement Fusion (ICF) drivers from the early 60's through the late 80's is being extended to high average power short-pulse machines with the capabilities of performing new roles in environmental cleanup applications and in supporting new types of industrial manufacturing processes. Some of these processes will require very high average beam power levels of hundreds of kilowatts to perhaps megawatts. In this paper we briefly discuss new technology capabilities and then concentrate on specific application areas that may benefit from the high specific energies and high average powers attainable with short-pulse machines. 011O5 1993 DtSTBIBU'I'ION OF THIS L._,..:I C,UME:NT IS UNLIMIFED OSTI ¢ ! such as the use of ethylene oxide or methyl bromide, which may, in turn, make accelerator treatment methods more appealing. To gain acceptance, the technology must be shown to offer a robust and cost effective solution to a specific need.

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Application of E-Beam Treatment to Flue Gas Cleanup in Japan

Cited by 10 publications

References 0 publications

Pulsed microwave discharge at atmospheric pressure for NO_xdecomposition

Pulsed microwave discharge at atmospheric pressure for NO_xdecomposition

Removal of NO_xfrom Flue Gas by Reburning with Plasma Activated Natural Gas: Review and Economics

Environmental and industrial applications of pulsed power systems

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Application of E-Beam Treatment to Flue Gas Cleanup in Japan

Cited by 10 publications

References 0 publications

Pulsed microwave discharge at atmospheric pressure for NOxdecomposition

Pulsed microwave discharge at atmospheric pressure for NOxdecomposition

Removal of NOxfrom Flue Gas by Reburning with Plasma Activated Natural Gas: Review and Economics

Environmental and industrial applications of pulsed power systems

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Pulsed microwave discharge at atmospheric pressure for NO_xdecomposition

Pulsed microwave discharge at atmospheric pressure for NO_xdecomposition

Removal of NO_xfrom Flue Gas by Reburning with Plasma Activated Natural Gas: Review and Economics