Application of electrochemical aptasensors in detection of cancer biomarkers

Abstract

Today, the late diagnosis of cancers is a big challenge, and using novel diagnostic techniques will provide essential, faster and more accurate treatments. Unfortunately, existing common and traditional diagnostic methods have not been helpful completely and most cancers are diagnosed too late. Recently, researchers have found new diagnostic methods against cancers by aptasensors; these sensory systems can detect involved biomarkers in various cancers so that the research in this field is continued strictly. Aptasensors can detect cancer markers in small quantities and high selectivity; moreover, other advantages of cancer aptasensors such as optimized time and cost saving can be considered. In addition, the aptasensors have been used in the diagnosis of the effective and related factors in cancer therapy follow-up. Here, the most researches about cancer aptasensors and other involved markers were collected, reviewed and described.

Computational aptamer design for spike glycoprotein (S) (SARS CoV-2) detection with an electrochemical aptasensor

“…Several configurations both on measurements type and aptamer immobilization strategies have been used to develop efficient electrochemical aptasensors (Radi and Abd-Ellatief 2021 ; Topkaya and Cetin 2021 ). Electrochemical aptasensor application can be found in different fields from cancer biomarkers (Negahdary et al 2019 ) to food contaminants (Wang et al 2020 ) up to whole cells (Ziółkowski et al 2021 ): examples of the different electrode configurations include a simple gold coated electrode (Chen and Guo 2013 ) or more complex systems like gold nanowires or nanoroads (Husna et al 2023 ), carbon nanotubes or multiwall (Liu et al 2010 ; Khan et al 2018 , Rezaei et al 2018 ; He et al 2020 ; Alnaimi et al 2022 ), graphene (Kaur et al 2019 ) or diamond (Asai et al 2020 ). Here, we present a simple way to check the goodness of the aptamer sequence that has been set up using a computational tool allowing to reduce the time to 3 weeks compared to the classical method named SELEX (systemic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment) which takes about 3–4 months and is more expensive.…”