Application of ethanolic extract of propolis typified in nutrition and vegetative growth of beans

Abstract

There is little information about the effects of the ethanolic extract of propolis (EEP) in common bean.The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of foliar spray of ethanol extract of propolis (EEP) on vegetative growth, water loss and yield of black type common bean. The experiment was conducted at Farm Dona Isabina from February to May 2012. The experimental design was a randomized block with five replicates, applying five concentrations (0, 3, 6, 9 and 12%) of EEP, and the extract was made with 10% of crude propolis (which originated from the coast of Paraná State -Brazil) and 90% alcohol, 96°GL. Only chlorophyll content and stem diameter were split plot in time. The EEP also significantly increased the levels of Mg in the leaves, increasing the concentrations of chlorophyll in leaves and vegetative growth, which served as an energy threshold, increasing the productivity of the mighty bean for 426 kg/ha. Key words: Water content, beeswax, drought stress. INTRODUCTIONThe cultivation of beans has increased each year especially in Mato Grosso State in Brazil. The expansion in these agricultural areas and the fragility of its harvest have been facing pest and disease attacks. Application of agricultural defensives and fertilizers has generated negative effects in the water quality, throughout the accumulation of pesticides molecules, plant equilibration and the natural biological control (Manzoni et al., 2006;Gama et al., 2013).Due to the detriment of the use of pesticides and nutrients, many researchers have evaluated various alternatives to replace the use of chemicals, like grout, raw cow's milk, milk whey, cow urine, biological insecticide based on Bacillus thuringiensis, Bordeaux mixture, melted coconut soap and vegetable extracts (Zatarim et al., 2005;Sousa et al., 2012). However, the current alternatives are few; hence there is a need to provide new options and have more studies about the benefits of the use of its alternatives (Pereira et al., 2008).With the intuition to offer new alternatives in the pest and disease control as well as plants nutrition, Pereira et Pereira et al. (2008) verified a reduction of 66 and 46% in the incidence of rust and gray leaf spot, respectively, with the application of EEP with 16% of the crude propolis extract in coffee. They also found an increase in the vegetative growth of seedlings which was attributed to the presence of propolis.In this light, this study aims to investigate the effect of ethanolic extract of propolis (EEP) on vegetative growth, nutrition and yield in a variety of common black bean type. MATERIALS AND METHODS Study areaThe experiment was conducted between February and May of 2012, on Farm Dona Isabina, located at Santa Carmen -MT, (11º51'S, 55°30', height 372 m). The climate, according to Koopen classification is AW (Tropical wet and dry), characterized by the presence of two seasons: the "rainy" and "dry". All the evaluations were accomplished in the Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Forage at University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Sinop -Ma...

Impact of propolis as a bio-product on pepper plants productivity and their fruits at shelf-life period

“…Moreover, with the same level high chlorophyll content was registered, thereby returning on vigorous vegetative growth i.e., plant length and number of branches/plant. The positive effect of PEE on pepper leaves chlorophyll content may be returned to the accumulation of Mg in pepper leaves by using PEE applications as reported by [39]). It is known that Mg considers the principal element in the structure of chlorophyll [40] and is present in almost all the enzymes responsible for metabolism and growth of plants [41] Thus, enhance the levels of photosynthesis which reflects on plant growth [42].…”

Application of propolis in agriculture

“…The same effect on growth promotion was observed by PEREIRA et al (2014) in beans cultivated in greenhouses, where the use of 4% EEP (10% raw propolis) resulted in a 39% increase in productivity compared to the control. PEREIRA et al (2018) verified an increase in magnesium and chlorophyll content in bean leaves and a 22% yield increase when 8% EEP (10% raw propolis) was applied.…”