Application of field methods to assess isometamidium resistance of trypanosomes in cattle in western Ethiopia

Tewelde, Nega; Abebe, Girma; Eisler, M.; McDermott, John J.; Greiner, Matthias; Afework, Yohannes; Kyule, M.N.; Münstermann, S.; Zessin, Karl-Hans; Clausen, Peter‐Henning

doi:10.1016/j.actatropica.2003.11.012

Cited by 42 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The relapse delay in resistant strains is comparable with inferences drawn from a recent study at the Ghibe valley, where trypanosomes resistant to Diminasan ® have relapsed more than 14 days following treatment (Moti et al, 2012). As there is an increasing number of case reports from other trypanosomosis endemic areas of Ethiopia, disclosing range of prevalence of T. congolense resistant to Diminasan ® and Veridium ® (Codjia et al, 1993;Mulugeta et al, 1997;Rowlands et al, 2001;Afework et al, 2004;Tewelde et al, 2004), the demonstration of resistance to Diminasan ® (about 33% from the present study) manifested by the current T. congolense isolates at Jarso, was unsureprisingly an expected outcome. Furthermore, it has been observed under longitudinal studies that there was an association between the initial trypanosome prevalence and the occurrence, and thus the degree, of drug resistance (Mungube et al, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Sensitivity of Trypanosoma congolense field isolates in experimentally infected calves in Konso district, Southern Ethiopia to isomethamidium and diminazene

Ashenafi¹,

Gewado²,

Hailu³

2014

J. Vet. Med. Anim. Health

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Study on sensitivity to diminazene aceturate 3.5 mg/kg and isometamidium chloride 0.5 mg/kg in tenzebu calves experimentally infected with two field isolates of Trypanosoma congolense (ET/07/Konso 59 and ET/07/Konso 114) was undertaken in Konso district, Southern Ethiopia. Calves were monitored for clinical and parasitological parameters during three months. At day 15 postinfection, corresponding to peak parasitaemia, they were treated with Diminasan ® 3.5 mg/kg body weight via deep intramuscular route. Out of ten calves, only two remained parasitologically negative for 12 and 15 days after treatment with Diminasan ® . Once relapse/breakthrough infection was detected in two calves, parasitemia persisted until they get second treatment with Veridium ® 0.5 mg/kg body weight. However, linear regression analysis of the effects of persistent trypanosomal infections on mean packed cell volume (PCV) and loss of body condition in relation to the initial recordings in the relapsed calves was not statistically significant. Results of the trypanocidal drug sensitivity study revealed the presence of T. congolense populations exhibiting resistance to diminazene aceturate. It is strongly recommended that legislations be devised and implemented to ensure that only quality and effective trypanocidal drugs should get access to the market.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Sensitivity of Trypanosoma congolense field isolates in experimentally infected calves in Konso district, Southern Ethiopia to isomethamidium and diminazene

Ashenafi¹,

Gewado²,

Hailu³

2014

J. Vet. Med. Anim. Health

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“…This finding was lower than the previously reported prevalence rate of 23% in western Ethiopia, 21% in Metekal district, 18.5% in Arba-minchi district, 17.5% in upper Dideesa valley areas, and 11.7% in Abay Basin north western Ethiopia of tsetse infested regions [22][23][24][25][26]. The lower prevalence in the current study might due to the low sensitivity of the parasitological diagnostic method, the uncontrolled use of trypanocidal drugs, application of relatively well designed method of tsetse control and treatment, expansion of cultivation in the area which in directly affects flies distribution and awareness of the people towards the control and treatment of the disease were improved.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 54%

Prevalence of Bovine Trypanosomosis in Didessa Woreda, Oromiya Region, Ethiopia

Bekele¹,

Kebede²,

Mulatu³

2018

J Vet Sci Technol

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A cross sectional study was conducted at Didessa Woreda, Oromiya region, south west Ethiopia. The study was carried out from November, 2011 to April 2012 on indigenous cattle breed managed under mixed corop-livestok production system, to determine the prevalence of bovine trypanosomosis. This study employs parasitological survey by the use of Buffy coat examination, thin smear and hematological study. The overall prevalence of bovine trypanosomosis in the present study was 5.47%. The predominant species recovered was Trypanosome congolense (61.9%) followed by Trypanosome vivax (23.8%) the Trypanasome brucei (9.5%). Mixed infection due to Trypanosome congolense and Trypanosome vivax (4.7%) was also recorded in the study. Discrepancy in the prevalence of Trypanosome infection was recorded in the different age groups, between sex and different body conditioned animals, but the difference was not statically siginificant (p>0.05). The mean PCV of parasitemic animals was significantly lower (21.15=4.675) than the parasitemic animals (24.316=4.93) (p<0.05). Although the present study came up with low prevalence of bovine trypanosomiasis in the stydy area, the potential impact of this disease on production and productivity of cattle shall not undermined. Therefore, sustainable community based tsetse and trypanosomsis control program should be implemented.

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“…The results indicated that trypanosomosis to be the important livestock disease in Assosa zone of North West Ethiopia as also reported by Tewolde et al (2001) in Metekel district, North West of Ethiopia. Even though various conventional diseases induce livestock mortality and results in economic losses in Ethiopia, tsetse transmitted trypanosomosis has a crucial effect which is becoming unchallengable to treat.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

Prevalence of small ruminant trypanosomosis in Assosa and Homosha districts, Benishangul Gumuz Regional State, North West of Ethiopia

Zelalem¹,

Diriba²,

Birhanu³

et al. 2015

J. Vet. Med. Anim. Health

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A cross sectional study was conducted at Assosa zone of Benishangul Gumuz, North West Ethiopia, to determine the prevalence of trypanosomosis in local breeds of sheep and goats. Blood sample from 384 randomly selected sheep and goats (177 from Assosa and 207 from Homosha districts) of different species, sex, age groups were examined by dark phase contrast buffy coat and thin smear examination for species identification of trypanosome. Among the animals examined during the study period, 10 (2.6%) were infected with trypanosomes. From this survey, Trypanosoma vivax was found to be the major cause of trypanosomosis (1.82%), followed by Trypanosoma congolense (0.52%) and Trypanosoma brucei (0.26%). There was no statical difference (p > 0.05) in infection between sex, species, and among age groups. Mean packed cell volume (PCV) of the parastemic animals was significantly lower than (P < 0.05) that of aparastemic animals. In attempt to identify the vector involved in transmition, tsetse flies group (Glossina morsitans submorsitans) and mechanical vectors of trypanosomosis that belonging to Tabanidae (Tabanus, Stomoxys and Haematopota) were captured in both districts at an altitude range of 1270 to 1507 m above sea level. The results of the prevalence of the disease in small ruminants and its vectors indicate that an effective management and control measures for the disease and transmitting vectors should be designed and implemented.

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Application of field methods to assess isometamidium resistance of trypanosomes in cattle in western Ethiopia

Cited by 42 publications

References 13 publications

Sensitivity of Trypanosoma congolense field isolates in experimentally infected calves in Konso district, Southern Ethiopia to isomethamidium and diminazene

Sensitivity of Trypanosoma congolense field isolates in experimentally infected calves in Konso district, Southern Ethiopia to isomethamidium and diminazene

Prevalence of Bovine Trypanosomosis in Didessa Woreda, Oromiya Region, Ethiopia

Prevalence of small ruminant trypanosomosis in Assosa and Homosha districts, Benishangul Gumuz Regional State, North West of Ethiopia

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