Application of Film Hole Irrigation on Borders for Water Saving and Sunflower Production

Abstract

Film hole irrigation is relatively reported efficient irrigation technique amongst the others by Chinese's researchers. Film hole irrigation refers to bordered field completely covered with plastic sheet having holes of equal sizes through which seedlings come out. Field experiments were conducted at Postgraduate Agriculture Research Station to check its effectiveness and performance in terms of advance rate on sunflower crop for various sized borders having Fine Sandy Loam soil. Tube well irrigation water was applied with an average discharge of 21 l/s and field data were collected from each plot during 1st, 2nd and 3rd irrigations. Results of the study revealed that advance time taken during film hole method in completing the advance phase was comparatively less as compared with the conventional irrigation. Water saving of 37-45 % was observed by film hole irrigation, and the yield of sunflower crop was 23-30 % higher as compared with conventional irrigation. The field management issues were also discussed and addressed properly.

Effect of urea fertilizer concentration on water and nitrogen transport and transformation in soil in a film‐hole multi‐line interference infiltration system*

“…The change rate of soil nitrate nitrogen with conversion time irrigation methods and influencing factors of film-hole irrigation were comprehensively evaluated from the soil water and nutrient perspectives, and the numerical simulation of soil water and nitrogen migration and transformation under the conditions of water and fertilizer absorption by film-hole irrigated crops was studied to reveal the patterns of soil water and nitrogen migration and transformation (Saeed and Mahmood, 2013;Mailhol et al, 2018).…”

“…Outside of China, Muhammad Saeed increased sunflower yield and quality through membrane irrigation. Compared with conventional irrigation, film-hole irrigation saved 37-45% of the water used, and sunflower yield increased by 23-30% compared with that under conventional irrigation (Saeed and Mahmood, 2013). Unlike other irrigation methods, film-hole irrigation used a thin layer of water on the film, which penetrated into the roots of crops through film holes.…”

Effects of initial soil moisture content on soil water and nitrogen transport under muddy water film hole infiltration

“…Liu et al [13] showed that PFM led to the volume moisture content increased by 3.5% at depths of 0-20 cm in winter wheat farmland. Compared with conventional surface irrigation, FHI can save 37%-45% water and increase sunflower yield by 23%-30% [14] . Several fields and laboratory experiments have been carried out to study the effects of influence factors (e.g., soil texture, soil bulk density, film hole diameter, sediment content.)…”

Infiltration reduction characteristics and a simplified calculation model of film hole irrigation during interference infiltration*

“…Because the water flows on the film and the flow speed is fast, this reduces the deep water leakage at the head of the plot and improves the uniformity of irrigation water. At the same time, the water accumulating on the film directly penetrates into the root zone of the crop through the film hole (emergence hole or special irrigation hole), which improves the irrigation water utilization efficiency (Saeed and Mahmood, 2013). FHI combines many advantages of dry farming and surface irrigation.…”