: The Cenozoic rift basins in Southeast Asia have high petroleum potential and the petroleum system of each basin has been analyzed and characterized. Many studies revealed the presence of two types of source rocks (lacustrine shale and uvio-deltaic coal) in the petroleum basins. In the Cenozoic basins in Southeast Asia, it has been recognized such a "dual petroleum systems" that the source rock distribution and kitchen area vary and the timing of oil and gas generation differ which make migration and accumulation processes more complex. Therefore, it is important to identify the effective source rock of oil and gas and well understand the petroleum system working in the area in exploration phase. Geochemical inversion utilizing biomarkers and isotopes is one of the commonly used methods to identify the effective source rock. Thermal maturity of each source rock and timing of oil and gas generation can be evaluated by basin modeling.We performed geochemical inversion on uid samples taken from reservoirs of a gas eld associated with oil and condensate recently discovered offshore Vietnam. Two oil families (mixed oil derived from both lacustrine and uviodeltaic source rocks and purely fluvio-deltaic oil) were identified by biomarkers and diamondoids. Carbon isotope compositions suggested that gas generated from both lacustrine and uvio-deltaic source rocks mixed in the reservoirs. Fluid inclusion analysis revealed the presence of paleo-oil column in a current gas-condensate reservoir which could be ushed by late-charged gas. Multi-dimensional basin modeling con rmed that mixing of different type of uids during trapping and the possibility that oil initially charged into the eld spilled-out to adjacent structures by late-charged gas after Pleistocene.The well-understanding of this kind of complex dual petroleum systems will give us new insights on petroleum potential and useful information to develop exploration strategies targeting gaseous hydrocarbon in basins in Southeast Asia.Keywords: Petroleum system, Southeast Asia, Vietnam, source rock, biomarker, diamondoid, basin modeling * 令和 4 年 6 月 8 日,令和 4 年度石油技術協会春季講演会地質・探鉱 部門シンポジウム「上流事業の強靭化・脱炭素化 -地質・探鉱 技術適用の取り組み-」 This paper was presented at the 2022 JAPT Geology and Exploration Symposium entitled "Application of geology and exploration technology to make the oil and gas upstream business more resilient and decarbonized" held in Tokyo,