The manufacturing industry has always been in the dominant position in the development of China’s national economy. The present industrial structure and development mode of the manufacturing industry are in a critical transformation period. This study aims to explore the problems in the management of manufacturing enterprises in the era of big data. Supplier management is the top priority of manufacturing enterprise management. Regarding the performance appraisal of manufacturing enterprises, the management data of large manufacturing enterprises are collected by questionnaire. 226 questionnaires are issued, and 203 valid questionnaires are collected. The performance appraisal management of manufacturing enterprises is analyzed based on the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) of fuzzy multicriteria decision-making, and the evaluation system of enterprise performance management is established. The results show that the average value of the four indexes of enterprise marketing management, enterprise research and development (R&D) support, enterprise R&D achievement transformation efficiency, and enterprise production innovation is higher than 3.731, indicating that large manufacturing enterprises quite support marketing, R&D, and production innovation. This exploration can provide a theoretical basis for improving the management innovation ability of manufacturing enterprises and also has great reference value for expanding the market competitiveness of manufacturing enterprises.