Application of GC–MSD and LC–MS/MS for the determination of priority pesticides in baby foods in Serbian market

Pesticide residue determination in vegetables from western China applying gas chromatography with mass spectrometry

“…However, excessive use of pesticides can lead to residues on agriculture products and pollute the environment through soil deposition, atmospheric dispersion, bioaccumulation and other residual pathways. Since the 1990s, modern pesticide residue analysis technology has made great advances, and many new technologies have entered the practical stage, such as capillary electrophoresis instrument technology (Garcia-Ruiz et al, 2005;Yang et al, 2009), gas chromatography (GC; Chai and Elie, 2013), high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC; Prasad et al, 2013) and hyphenated techniques [GC-MS (mass spectrometry), HPLC-MS; Valles et al, 2012;Bagheri et al, 2012;Vukovic et al, 2012;Hou et al, 2013]. There has been much evidence that the accumulation of pesticides in human body even at low concentrations may cause severe diseases, such as Parkinson's, Alzheimer's, acute neurological toxicity, neurodevelopmental impairment, disturbances in the immune system, abnormal growth, disturbances in the reproductive and endocrine systems, cancer and chronic kidney disease (Mostafalou and Abdollahi, 2013;Guan et al, 2010;Hercegova et al, 2007;Chowdhury et al, 2013;Sinha et al, 2012).…”

“…Therefore, protection of humans from exposure to pesticide residues in food via taking proper actions remains a major objective (Walorczyk et al, 2013). Since the 1990s, modern pesticide residue analysis technology has made great advances, and many new technologies have entered the practical stage, such as capillary electrophoresis instrument technology (Garcia-Ruiz et al, 2005;Yang et al, 2009), gas chromatography (GC; Chai and Elie, 2013), high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC; Prasad et al, 2013) and hyphenated techniques [GC-MS (mass spectrometry), HPLC-MS; Valles et al, 2012;Bagheri et al, 2012;Vukovic et al, 2012;Hou et al, 2013]. The application of these technologies has greatly enhanced the sensitivity of pesticide residues analysis, simplified the analysis procedures and improved the efficiency of the analysis.…”

Determination of organochlorine pesticide residues in pasteurized and sterilized milk using QuEChERS sample preparation followed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry

“…QuEChERS method has been validated and published officially for pesticide analysis in many foods (AOAC, ). Since 2003 many articles have been published where QuEChERS or related methods are successfully applied for matrices like water and sediment (Brondi, Macedo, Vicente, & Nogueira, ), soil, fruit, and vegetables (Bursić et al, ; Jahanmard, Ansarı, & Feizi, ; Machado et al, ; Paz et al, ; Srivastava, Triverdi, Srivastava, Lohani, & Srivastava, ), cereal grain and cereal feedingstuffs (Kolberg, Prestes, Adaime, & Zanella, ; Walorczyk, ), milk (Görel‐Manav, Dinç‐Zor, & Alpdoğan, ; Jeong et al, ), dairy products (Görel‐Manav et al, ), coffee (Trevisan, Owen, Calatayud‐Vernich, Breuer, & Pićo, ), fish tissue (Norli, Christiansen, & Deribe, ), and baby foods (Vuković, Shtereva, Bursić, Mladenova, & Lazić, ). This method has many advantages such as high recoveries for a wide polarity and volatility range of pesticides, very accurate results, low solvent usage, and waste, high sample throughput, the use of very little labware and the safety for lab workers (Brondi et al, ; Nguyen, Yu, Lee, & Lee, ).…”

Multiclass pesticide analysis in fruit-based baby food: A comparative study of sample preparation techniques previous to gas chromatography–mass spectrometry

“…Therefore, sample preparation represents one of the most critical steps when dealing with pesticide analysis in these kinds of products. Most of the studies reported for pesticide monitoring in baby foods include sample preparation based on the QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, robust and safe) method, which involves a liquid-liquid partitioning with acetonitrile and a subsequent dispersive solid-phase extraction (d-SPE) cleanup, using a mixture of MgSO 4 and selected sorbents usually primary and secondary amine (PSA) and C18 (Gilbert-López et al, 2007González-Curbelo, Hernández-Borges, Borges-Miquel, & Rodríguez-Delgado, 2012;Leandro, Fussell, & Keely, 2005;Leandro, Hancock, Fussell, & Keely, 2006Vukovic, Shtereva, Bursic, Mladenova, & Lazic, 2012;Wang & Leung, 2009). Although QuEChERS has been demonstrated to be very effective for the multi-residue analysis of pesticides, the procedure provides a low concentration factor which can result in higher limits of detection and quantification when compared to other sample preparation techniques.…”