Application of Genomics Tools in Wheat Breeding to Attain Durable Rust Resistance

Babu, Prashanth; Baranwal, D. K.; Harikrishna,; Pal, Dharam; Bharti, Hemlata; Joshi, Priyanka; Thiyagarajan, Brindha; Gaikwad, Kiran B.; Bhardwaj, Subhash; Singh, Gyanendra Pratap; Singh, A. K.

doi:10.3389/fpls.2020.567147

Cited by 38 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 213 publications

(243 reference statements)

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“…Bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is the second largest food crop in the world by acreage (USDA ERS., 2018). Biotic and abiotic stresses, such as rust pathogens and drought (Ellis et al, 2014;Lesk et al, 2016;Yu et al, 2018;Babu et al, 2020), and deficiency or poor use of nutrients, particularly nitrogen and phosphate (López-Arredondo et al, 2014;Chen and Liao, 2017;Hawkesford, 2017), limit wheat production. The dramatic increase in global wheat production during the past several decades was mainly due to the adoption of high-yielding and input-responsive wheat varieties (Tadesse et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Efficient Brome mosaic virus-Based Gene Silencing Protocol for Hexaploid Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

et al. 2021

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Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) is a rapid and powerful method to evaluate gene function, especially for species like hexaploid wheat that have large, redundant genomes and are difficult and time-consuming to transform. The Brome mosaic virus (BMV)-based VIGS vector is widely used in monocotyledonous species but not wheat. Here we report the establishment of a simple and effective VIGS procedure in bread wheat using BMVCP5, the most recently improved BMV silencing vector, and wheat genes PHYTOENE DESATURASE (TaPDS) and PHOSPHATE2 (TaPHO2) as targets. Time-course experiments revealed that smaller inserts (~100 nucleotides, nt) were more stable in BMVCP5 and conferred higher silencing efficiency and longer silencing duration, compared with larger inserts. When using a 100-nt insert and a novel coleoptile inoculation method, BMVCP5 induced extensive silencing of TaPDS transcript and a visible bleaching phenotype in the 2nd to 5th systemically-infected leaves from nine to at least 28 days post inoculation (dpi). For TaPHO2, the ability of BMVCP5 to simultaneously silence all three homoeologs was demonstrated. To investigate the feasibility of BMV VIGS in wheat roots, ectopically expressed enhanced GREEN FLUORESCENT PROTEIN (eGFP) in a transgenic wheat line was targeted for silencing. Silencing of eGFP fluorescence was observed in both the maturation and elongation zones of roots. BMVCP5 mediated significant silencing of eGFP and TaPHO2 mRNA expression in roots at 14 and 21 dpi, and TaPHO2 silencing led to the doubling of inorganic phosphate concentration in the 2nd through 4th systemic leaves. All 54 wheat cultivars screened were susceptible to BMV infection. BMVCP5-mediated TaPDS silencing resulted in the expected bleaching phenotype in all eight cultivars examined, and decreased TaPDS transcript was detected in all three cultivars examined. This BMVCP5 VIGS technology may serve as a rapid and effective functional genomics tool for high-throughput gene function studies in aerial and root tissues and in many wheat cultivars.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Efficient Brome mosaic virus-Based Gene Silencing Protocol for Hexaploid Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

et al. 2021

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“…Therefore, enhancing commercially grown wheat cultivars with new functional resistance genes is a prerequisite for sustainable wheat production [34]. Continuous screening of the newly introduced wheat accessions under the breeders' targeted environment to identify potentially resistant genotypes is the most economical and effective strategy to defeat the new rust races and reduce yield losses [35]. In the current study, 278 imported wheat accessions and five commercially grown local wheat cultivars were evaluated under the open field conditions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Stripe Rust Resistance Alleles on Wheat Grain Yield Using Landraces and Improved Accessions

IS¹

2021

annagriccropsci

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Stripe rust is one of the most devastating biotic stresses to cause grain yield losses in wheat. In the current study, 227 imported accessions, and six widely grown modern cultivars (Sids14, Sids12, Misr1, Misr2, Giza171, and Gimmiza9), were used. All plant materials were planted in the field and evaluated for stripe rust resistance and grain yield. Five Simple Sequence Repeats (SSR) markers Xpsp3000, Xbarc8, Xgwm419, Xwmc44, and Xbarc32, respectively, are associated with five essential stripe rust resistance genes Yr10, Yr15, Yr26, Yr29, and Yr59, were also used. The results indicated a highly positive and significant correlation between grain yield and stripe rust resistance. Furthermore, as the number of stripe rust resistance alleles increased, both grain yield and stripe rust resistance increased. Out of the 233 accessions used, 11 accessions were found to contain the five resistance genes. The identified resistant accessions could be used as a gene source to enhance stripe rust resistance in wheat breeding programs. SSR markers used in the current study effectively capture a substantial part of the phenotypic variation caused by stripe rust. Thus, these five markers could be used effectively in marker-assisted selection for stripe rust resistance.

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“…The number of breeding programs that have already implemented genomic-assisted breeding has increased considerably in recent years [ 229 , 230 , 231 ]. The use of this approach has been facilitated by the development of high-throughput genotyping techniques (such as genotyping by sequencing and DNA chip arrays) in various important crop species, including maize [ 232 , 233 , 234 ], tomato [ 235 , 236 ], wheat [ 237 , 238 ], and rice [ 239 , 240 ], among others. Identification of genomic regions associated with a complex trait is based on a model in which many loci underlie the trait of interest continuously and in which non-genetic factors may also be important [ 241 , 242 ].…”

Section: Gwas Genomic and Phenomic Predictionmentioning

confidence: 99%

OMICs, Epigenetics, and Genome Editing Techniques for Food and Nutritional Security

Gogolev

Ahmar

Akpınar³

et al. 2021

Plants

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The incredible success of crop breeding and agricultural innovation in the last century greatly contributed to the Green Revolution, which significantly increased yields and ensures food security, despite the population explosion. However, new challenges such as rapid climate change, deteriorating soil, and the accumulation of pollutants require much faster responses and more effective solutions that cannot be achieved through traditional breeding. Further prospects for increasing the efficiency of agriculture are undoubtedly associated with the inclusion in the breeding strategy of new knowledge obtained using high-throughput technologies and new tools in the future to ensure the design of new plant genomes and predict the desired phenotype. This article provides an overview of the current state of research in these areas, as well as the study of soil and plant microbiomes, and the prospective use of their potential in a new field of microbiome engineering. In terms of genomic and phenomic predictions, we also propose an integrated approach that combines high-density genotyping and high-throughput phenotyping techniques, which can improve the prediction accuracy of quantitative traits in crop species.

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Application of Genomics Tools in Wheat Breeding to Attain Durable Rust Resistance

Abstract: research strategies galvanized to control the wheat killer genus Puccinia. It will also highlight the outcome and research impact of cost-effective NGS technologies and cloning of rust resistance genes amid the public availability of common and tetraploid wheat reference genomes.

Cited by 38 publications

References 213 publications

An Efficient Brome mosaic virus-Based Gene Silencing Protocol for Hexaploid Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

An Efficient Brome mosaic virus-Based Gene Silencing Protocol for Hexaploid Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Impact of Stripe Rust Resistance Alleles on Wheat Grain Yield Using Landraces and Improved Accessions

OMICs, Epigenetics, and Genome Editing Techniques for Food and Nutritional Security

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