Application of geoelectrical measurements for detecting the ground-water seepage in clay quarry at Helwan, southeastern Cairo, Egypt

Abstract

Clay is considered one of the most important raw materials in cement industry. It is the most common rich source of silica and alumina. During the quarrying process a few months later, a new feature of water accumulation appeared on the quarry floor and many water pools were formed during excavation process. In order to detect the source and extension of the groundwater seepage, geoelectrical resistivity technique in the form of vertical electrical soundings was applied. Fifteen vertical electrical soundings with AB/2 from 1 to 150 m have been executed. Geoelectrical resistivity measurements are applied in Helwan clay quarry to understand the source of the groundwater accumulated recently on the floor of quarry. The results indicate the passage of groundwater from the adjacent areas through channel ways formed as a result of the excavation process. All over the measured area, there are some sand lenses intercalated with clays & during the excavation process, some channels formed and the groundwater started to percolate through these channels forming many water pools along the quarry floor. 2. Geological setting Geologically, the Helwan clay quarry, the exposed rocks consist of Pliocene conglomeratic sands, sandstone and gravels (Fig. 2). These Pliocene sediments belong to the Nile Valley sediments consist of a

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