Application of geopolymers for treatment of water contaminated with organic and inorganic pollutants: State-of-the-art review

Alouani, Marouane El; Saufi, Hamid; Moutaoukil, Ghizlane; Alehyen, Saliha; Nematollahi, Behzad; Belmaghraoui, Walid; Taïbi, M.

doi:10.1016/j.jece.2021.105095

Cited by 88 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 106 publications

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“…The interphase region can be formed by depositing a thin layer of polymer on the surface of the reinforcement, for example, or spontaneously developed due to interactions of the matrix with the surface of the reinforcement [ 58 , 59 ]. Both the interface and the interphase have mechanisms that contribute to the mechanical properties of the composite, the main one being the adhesion that can be given by mechanical fitting of the polymer matrix chains in roughness on the reinforcement surface, electrostatic attraction, formation of chemical bonds, or inter-diffusion of materials [ 59 , 60 ].…”

Section: Interface Between Fiber-matrixmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural Fibers as an Alternative to Synthetic Fibers in Reinforcement of Geopolymer Matrices: A Comparative Review

Azevedo¹,

Cruz²,

Marvila³

et al. 2021

Polymers

113

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Geopolymer materials have been gaining ground in the civil construction sector not only for having superior physical properties when compared to conventional cement, but also for being less harmful to the environment, since the synthesis of the geopolymer does not release toxic gases or require high energy costs. On the other hand, geopolymer materials like cementitious matrices have low flexural strength and have fragile breakage. To overcome these deficiencies, the insertion of fibers in geopolymeric matrices has been evaluated as a solution. Although most research on this practice focuses on the use of synthetic fibers, the use of natural fibers has been growing and brings as an advantage the possibility of producing an even more ecological material, satisfying the need to create eco-friendly materials that exists today in society. Thus, this paper aimed to, through the evaluation of research available in the literature, understand the behavior of fibers in geopolymer matrices, identify similarities and differences between the performance of geopolymer composites reinforced with natural and synthetic fibers and, understanding that it is possible, point out ways to optimize the performance of these composites.

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Section: Interface Between Fiber-matrixmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural Fibers as an Alternative to Synthetic Fibers in Reinforcement of Geopolymer Matrices: A Comparative Review

Azevedo¹,

Cruz²,

Marvila³

et al. 2021

Polymers

113

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“…Usually, kinetic results allow us to determine the rate and mechanism of adsorption. In this study, two models were applied to describe the mechanism of kinetic adsorption of Cd (II) on adsorbents: the pseudo-first-order and the pseudo-secondorder [19].…”

Section: Kinetic Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on the Removal of Cadmium Toxic Metal Ions by Natural Clays from Aqueous Solution by Adsorption Process

Bassam

Hallaoui

Alouani

et al. 2021

Journal of Chemistry

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The aim of this study is the valorization of the Moroccan clays (QC-MC and QC-MT) from the Middle Atlas region as adsorbents for the treatment of water contaminated by cadmium Cd (II) ions. The physicochemical properties of natural clays are characterized by ICP-MS, XRD, FTIR, and SEM techniques. The adsorption process is investigated as a function of adsorbent mass, solution pH, contact time, temperature, and initial Cd (II) ion concentration. The kinetic investigation shows that the adsorption equilibrium of Cd (II) ions by both natural clays is reached after 30 min for QC-MT and 45 min for QC-MC and fits well to a pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The isotherm study is best fitted by a Freundlich model, with the maximum adsorption capacity determined by the linear form of the Freundlich isotherm being 4.23 mg/g for QC-MC and 5.85 mg/g for QC-MT at 25°C. The cadmium adsorption process was thermodynamically spontaneous and exothermic. The regeneration process showed that these natural clays had excellent recycling capacity. Characterization of the Moroccan natural clays before and after the adsorption process through FTIR, SEM, XRD, and EDX techniques confirmed the Cd (II) ion adsorption on the surfaces of both natural clay adsorbents. Overall, the high adsorption capacity of both natural clays for Cd (II) ions removal compared to other adsorbents motioned in the literature indicated that these two natural adsorbents are excellent candidates for heavy metal removal from aqueous environments.

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“…An inorganic polymer known as a geopolymer is made up of SiO 4 and AlO 4 tetrahedrons that are joined by exchanging oxygen atoms [ 17 ]. They can usually be created by low-temperature polycondensation of silica- and alumina-rich raw materials’ natural and byproducts, such as metakaolin, blast furnace slag, coal fly ash, and red mud [ 17 , 18 , 19 ]. Geopolymers may be essentially described as a three-dimensional, amorphous, or semicrystalline aluminosilicate framework.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immobilization Approach as a Creative Strategy to Remove Reactive Dye Red 195 and Cu2+ Ions from Wastewater Using Environmentally Benign Geopolymer Cement

2023

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Water is a resource that is essential to almost all phases of industrial and manufacturing operations globally. It is important to handle the wastewater generated professionally. The textile industry is one of the major global polluters, with textile producers responsible for one-fifth of all industrial water pollution worldwide. In contrast, heavy metal contamination has developed into a critical, expanding global environmental problem. Geopolymer is a cementitious constituent of amorphous aluminosilicates derived from natural or industrial wastes. It is produced using the polymerization of aluminosilicate raw ingredients in an alkaline atmosphere. The aim of this study is to evaluate the application of eco-friendly geopolymer cement in the immobilization technique for the treatment of wastewater including heavy metals and dyes. Geopolymer cement pastes were organized using slag and fly ash as an aluminosilicate source, (1:1) sodium silicate and sodium hydroxide 15 wt.% as an alkali activator in the presence of organic dye pollutant reactive red 195, and Cu2+ ions (700 ppm) at different hydration times for up to 28 days. The physicochemical and mechanical properties of the prepared geopolymer cement mixes were further examined in relation to reactive dye pollutant and Cu2+ ions. The hydration characteristic was examined using the compressive strength and % of total porosity tests, as well as FTIR and XRD studies. Our findings support the 100% immobilization of both Cu2+ ions and organic dye pollutants in prepared geopolymer pastes for up to 28 days of hydration. Additionally, adding both Cu2+ ions and dye pollutants to the prepared geopolymer paste improves its mechanical properties, which is also supported by FTIR data. XRD and FTIR studies showed that the Cu2+ ions and dying bath effluent addition have no influence on the kind of hydration products that are produced. On the other hand, the geopolymerization process is negatively impacted by the presence of Cu2+ ions alone in the geopolymer paste.

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Application of geopolymers for treatment of water contaminated with organic and inorganic pollutants: State-of-the-art review

Cited by 88 publications

References 106 publications

Natural Fibers as an Alternative to Synthetic Fibers in Reinforcement of Geopolymer Matrices: A Comparative Review

Natural Fibers as an Alternative to Synthetic Fibers in Reinforcement of Geopolymer Matrices: A Comparative Review

Studies on the Removal of Cadmium Toxic Metal Ions by Natural Clays from Aqueous Solution by Adsorption Process

Immobilization Approach as a Creative Strategy to Remove Reactive Dye Red 195 and Cu2+ Ions from Wastewater Using Environmentally Benign Geopolymer Cement

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