Application of GIS and DRASTIC Modeling for Evaluation of Groundwater Vulnerability near a Solid Waste Disposal Site

Abstract

The study aims at evaluating the groundwater vulnerability to contamination in the vicinity of a solid waste disposal site, Njelianparamba, a municipal dumping site in Kozhikode, Kerala, India, using DRASTIC model using Geographic Information System environment. Vulnerability maps are intended to show areas of most potential to groundwater contamination on the basis of hydrogeological conditions and human impacts. The DRASTIC model consists of seven hydrogeological parameters that affect groundwater quality. The ESRI GIS software, Arc Map 10.1 was used to create the groundwater vulnerability map by overlaying the seven layers. The resulting vulnerability map was then validated using chemical and bacteriological analysis of samples collected from nearby wells of the dumping site to assess the area which is of more potential risk to pollution. According to the vulnerability map, the study area was divided into three vulnerability classes ranging between a minimum value of 120 and a maximum value of 243. The vulnerability classes are moderate vulnerable, high vulnerable and very high vulnerable. The vulnerability map revealed that the eastern and south eastern portion of Njelianparamba dump site was very highly vulnerable to groundwater contamination. This is probably due to the lower sloped terrains towards the eastern portion which allows percolation of contaminants into the groundwater.

Groundwater vulnerability assessment of Hoshangabad and Budni industrial area, Madhya Pradesh, India, using geospatial techniques

“…DRAS-TIC model working in association with GIS has become a widely acceptable method for impressive management and planning of groundwater resources (Secunda et al 1998;Sinha et al 2016). DRASTIC model is used for detailed groundwater contamination vulnerability mapping while assigning rating to each parameter multiplying with the given weightage in ArcGIS (Al-Rawabdeh et al 2014;Al-Zabet 2002;Jaseela et al 2016). The model included the use of statistical and geo-statistical method for the amendment of the parameter ratings and weightage of each DRASTIC parameter in a GIS environment (Panagopoulos et al 2006).…”

Analysis of Natural Vulnerability of Groundwater Intakes to Migration of Surface Pollutants Based on a Selected Part of the Dunajec River Basin

“…The authors drew attention to the accuracy of the obtained results of the DRASTIC assessment depending on the availability and accuracy of hydrogeological data from wells supplying drinking water. The assessment of the impact of the landfill exploitation (India) to groundwater based on the GIS spatial information system and the DRASTIC weighting method was conducted by Jaseela et al [24]. During the analysis, the sensitivity of the aquifer was assessed, which was then verified by the results of chemical and bacteriological tests of the collected samples.…”

Groundwater vulnerability mapping using modified DRASTIC ANP

“…The average 5-year rainfall data from the nearby rain gauge stations, as obtained from the Indian Meteorological Department (IMD), were used as input for the calculation. For the current study, the effective infiltration was calculated by considering 30 -40 % of the rainfall [10,24] while the remainder was considered as loss due to evaporation, transpiration, etc., or runoff. The acquired recharge map of the area has a resolution of 2 x 2 m and varies from 396 mm to 433 mm in the study area.…”

“…They include GOD [7], DRASTIC [8], SINTACS [9] etc., which are selected on the basis of availability of data. DRASTIC is one of the better known and extensively used overlay index methods that is applied worldwide for groundwater vulnerability assessment [10][11][12]. It was developed by the United States Environment Protection Agency (USEPA).…”