Application of Gut Cell Models for Toxicological and Bioactivity Studies of Functional and Novel Foods

Trapečar, Martin; Cencič, Avrelija

doi:10.3390/foods1010040

Cited by 16 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 41 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Although the Caco-2 cells model offers several advantages, such as the reproducibility of results, controlled environment, and in-depth mechanistic insight [ 240 ], some limits of Caco-2 for assessing the bioavailability were also reported [ 241 ]. The main disadvantages of these models are the lack of the regulatory processes of the complex mucosal barrier and inability to accurately calculate the fractional transport and flux rate through the static transport conditions [ 242 ].…”

Section: Assessment Of Bioavailability Of Mycotoxins Using Caco-2 mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycotoxins: Biotransformation and Bioavailability Assessment Using Caco-2 Cell Monolayer

Tran

Viktorová

Ruml

2020

Toxins

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The determination of mycotoxins content in food is not sufficient for the prediction of their potential in vivo cytotoxicity because it does not reflect their bioavailability and mutual interactions within complex matrices, which may significantly alter the toxic effects. Moreover, many mycotoxins undergo biotransformation and metabolization during the intestinal absorption process. Biotransformation is predominantly the conversion of mycotoxins meditated by cytochrome P450 and other enzymes. This should transform the toxins to nontoxic metabolites but it may possibly result in unexpectedly high toxicity. Therefore, the verification of biotransformation and bioavailability provides valuable information to correctly interpret occurrence data and biomonitoring results. Among all of the methods available, the in vitro models using monolayer formed by epithelial cells from the human colon (Caco-2 cell) have been extensively used for evaluating the permeability, bioavailability, intestinal transport, and metabolism of toxic and biologically active compounds. Here, the strengths and limitations of both in vivo and in vitro techniques used to determine bioavailability are reviewed, along with current detailed data about biotransformation of mycotoxins. Furthermore, the molecular mechanism of mycotoxin effects is also discussed regarding the disorder of intestinal barrier integrity induced by mycotoxins.

show abstract

Section: Assessment Of Bioavailability Of Mycotoxins Using Caco-2 mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycotoxins: Biotransformation and Bioavailability Assessment Using Caco-2 Cell Monolayer

Tran

Viktorová

Ruml

2020

Toxins

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In vitro cell culture models have been extensively used in toxicology, mostly for assessing organ-specific effects of xenobiotics. However, they hardly represent the complexity of the human and animal body [239,240]. The simplicity of in vitro models compared to in vivo however makes it possible to study toxic MOAs in a reproducible manner that may be difficult to be achieved in vivo [140].…”

Section: Suitability and Limitations Of Reviewed Intestinal In Vitro mentioning

confidence: 99%

In-Vitro Cell Culture for Efficient Assessment of Mycotoxin Exposure, Toxicity and Risk Mitigation

Karrow

Shandilya

et al. 2020

Toxins

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Mycotoxins are toxic secondary fungal metabolites that commonly contaminate crops and food by-products and thus, animal feed. Ingestion of mycotoxins can lead to mycotoxicosis in both animals and humans, and at subclinical concentrations may affect animal production and adulterate feed and animal by-products. Mycotoxicity mechanisms of action (MOA) are largely unknown, and co-contamination, which is often the case, raises the likelihood of mycotoxin interactions. Mitigation strategies for reducing the risk of mycotoxicity are diverse and may not necessarily provide protection against all mycotoxins. These factors, as well as the species-specific risk of toxicity, collectively make an assessment of exposure, toxicity, and risk mitigation very challenging and costly; thus, in-vitro cell culture models provide a useful tool for their initial assessment. Since ingestion is the most common route of mycotoxin exposure, the intestinal epithelial barrier comprised of epithelial cells (IECs) and immune cells such as macrophages, represents ground zero where mycotoxins are absorbed, biotransformed, and elicit toxicity. This article aims to review different in-vitro IEC or co-culture models that can be used for assessing mycotoxin exposure, toxicity, and risk mitigation, and their suitability and limitations for the safety assessment of animal foods and food by-products.

show abstract

“…More recently, 3D gut cell models derived from untransformed human or pig tissue provide the controlled environment for the determination of molecular and cellular mechanisms of metabolic activity in food toxicology and bioactivity. [55][56][57] Specific areas of concentration for in vitro assessment include the release of glucose in determination of the kinetics of starch hydrolysis for glycemic index, 58 fermentation, rheologic measurement and bile acid-binding capacity of dietary fiber, [59][60][61] and the antimutagenic and immune enhancement/anticarcinogenic, and cholesterol removal potential of cells in culture with probiotics. 62 Numerous methods, both direct and indirect, exist for the in vitro analysis of micronutrients and phytonutrients.…”

Section: Undesirable Foodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Newer Approaches to Identify Potential Untoward Effects in Functional Foods

2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Globalization has greatly accelerated the numbers and variety of food and beverage products available worldwide. The exchange among greater numbers of countries, manufacturers, and products in the United States and worldwide has necessitated enhanced quality measures for nutritional products for larger populations increasingly reliant on functionality. These functional foods, those that provide benefit beyond basic nutrition, are increasingly being used for their potential to alleviate food insufficiency while enhancing quality and longevity of life. In the United States alone, a steady import increase of greater than 15% per year or 24 million shipments, over 70% products of which are food related, is regulated under the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). This unparalleled growth has resulted in the need for faster, cheaper, and better safety and efficacy screening methods in the form of harmonized guidelines and recommendations for product standardization. In an effort to meet this need, the in vitro toxicology testing market has similarly grown with an anticipatory 15% increase between 2010 and 2015 of US$1.3 to US$2.7 billion. Although traditionally occupying a small fraction of the market behind pharmaceuticals and cosmetic/household products, the scope of functional food testing, including additives/supplements, ingredients, residues, contact/processing, and contaminants, is potentially expansive. Similarly, as functional food testing has progressed, so has the need to identify potential adverse factors that threaten the safety and quality of these products.

show abstract

Application of Gut Cell Models for Toxicological and Bioactivity Studies of Functional and Novel Foods

Cited by 16 publications

References 41 publications

Mycotoxins: Biotransformation and Bioavailability Assessment Using Caco-2 Cell Monolayer

Mycotoxins: Biotransformation and Bioavailability Assessment Using Caco-2 Cell Monolayer

In-Vitro Cell Culture for Efficient Assessment of Mycotoxin Exposure, Toxicity and Risk Mitigation

Newer Approaches to Identify Potential Untoward Effects in Functional Foods

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About