Application of Inorganic Quantum Dots in Advanced Lithium–Sulfur Batteries

Abstract

Lithium–sulfur (Li‐S) batteries have emerged as one of the most attractive alternatives for post‐lithium‐ion battery energy storage systems, owing to their ultrahigh theoretical energy density. However, the large‐scale application of Li–S batteries remains enormously problematic because of the poor cycling life and safety problems, induced by the low conductivity , severe shuttling effect, poor reaction kinetics, and lithium dendrite formation. In recent studies, catalytic techniques are reported to promote the commercial application of Li–S batteries. Compared with the conventional catalytic sites on host materials, quantum dots (QDs) with ultrafine particle size (<10 nm) can provide large accessible surface area and strong polarity to restrict the shuttling effect, excellent catalytic effect to enhance the kinetics of redox reactions, as well as abundant lithiophilic nucleation sites to regulate Li deposition. In this review, the intrinsic hurdles of S conversion and Li stripping/plating reactions are first summarized. More importantly, a comprehensive overview is provided of inorganic QDs, in improving the efficiency and stability of Li–S batteries, with the strategies including composition optimization, defect and morphological engineering, design of heterostructures, and so forth. Finally, the prospects and challenges of QDs in Li–S batteries are discussed.

Unraveling the effect of single atom catalysts on the charging behavior of nonaqueous Mg–CO2 batteries: a combined density functional theory and machine learning approach

“…The catalytic efficiency of the active sites depends on the local atomic environment. 76,77 SACs incorporated into nitrogen-doped carbon (SACs@NC) exhibit strong atom–support interactions and a remarkable capability to regulate electron density at the active sites. 28,78,79 We selected a porphyrin substrate to utilize the TM–N–C environment for our comprehensive investigation.…”

先进磷酸铁锂正极高效储锂设计与调控

“…(g) Cycling performance and Coulombic efficiency of quasi-solid-state anode-free cells [37] 评 述 为研究热点之一 [36] . Liu等人 [37] [38,39] . Zhang等人 [40] 以三磷酸腺苷(ATP)为磷 源制备了具有高能量子点的介孔生物碳纳米线的LiFe-…”

Ultrafine Ni12P5 nanoparticle-embedded carbon with abundant catalytic activity sites as separator modifiers in high-performance lithium–sulfur batteries

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7] Nevertheless, the large-scale commercialization of Li-S batteries is still subject to various obstacles, including the low conductivity of sulfur and discharge products (Li 2 S and Li 2 S 2 ), large volume expansion, and the shuttle effect of polysulfides, which cause a rapid capacity decay and low coulombic efficiency. [8][9][10][11] To solve such issues, the strategies mainly concentrate on the fortification of the sulfur cathode and lithium anode, electrolyte improvement, and the modification of separators. [12][13][14][15][16][17][18] Among these methods, separator modification is identified as the most fruitful and economical strategy to capture lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) and enhance the kinetic conversion of LiPSs.…”