Application of Internal Carbon Source from Sewage Sludge: A Vital Measure to Improve Nitrogen Removal Efficiency of Low C/N Wastewater

Wang, Huacai; Jiang, Cancan; Wang, Xu; Xu, Shengjun; Zhuang, Xuliang

doi:10.3390/w13172338

Cited by 19 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 91 publications

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“…The nitrification process occurs in two stages in the presence of oxygen, with ammonia (NH 4 + ) being oxidized to nitrite (NO 2 − ) by ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) under aerobic conditions and then to nitrate (NO 3 − ) by nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB). Denitrification, on the other hand, is a process mediated by denitrifying bacteria (DNB) that converts nitrate or nitrite into nitrogen gas (N 2 ) in the absence of oxygen through intermediates of nitric oxide (NO) and nitrous oxide (N 2 O) (Wang et al, 2021). Furthermore, ethanol was used as an electron donor for oxidizing nitrate‐nitrogen to nitrogen gas during the heterotrophic denitrification process.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…) by nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB). Denitrification, on the other hand, is a process mediated by denitrifying bacteria (DNB) that converts nitrate or nitrite into nitrogen gas (N 2 ) in the absence of oxygen through intermediates of nitric oxide (NO) and nitrous oxide (N 2 O) (Wang et al, 2021). Furthermore, ethanol was used as an electron donor for oxidizing nitrate-nitrogen to nitrogen gas during the heterotrophic denitrification process.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Removal of nitrate in raw water using a vertical roughing filter with an external carbon source

Mohobane

Mutsvangwa

Owusu-Asante

2022

Water & Environment J

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High nitrate concentration in water endangers health to both humans and livestock.The aim of this research was to investigate the efficacy of a roughing filter enhanced by an external carbon source in removing nitrate in raw water. Two upward vertical roughing filters in series were used-a vertical roughing filter with ethanol as a carbon source (VRF wt ) and a vertical roughing filter without a carbon source (VRF wo ). The average nitrate removal efficiency in a VRF wt was 88%, 70% and 83%, at carbon: nitrogen ratios (C/N ratio) of 1.05, 1.08 and 1.1, respectively. The average chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency in the VRF wt was 75%, 43% and 46% at C/N ratios of 1.05, 1.08 and 1.1, respectively. The total average reduction of dissolved oxygen (DO) in the VRF wt at C/N ratios of 1.05, 1.08 and 1.1 was 42%, 54% and 51%, respectively, while the drop in the VRF wo was 17%, 18% and 17%. The VRF wt showed a high potential for removing nitrate in raw water. Therefore, when the VRF wt is applied at large scale, it would improve access to water sources that were previously declared unacceptable by many water utilities due to excessive nitrate concentrations.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of nitrate in raw water using a vertical roughing filter with an external carbon source

Mohobane

Mutsvangwa

Owusu-Asante

2022

Water & Environment J

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“…The complex nature of the CWW solution determines its inherent resourcing ability of material and energy transformation and makes possible a low-energy process for TN removal by managing the carbon source distribution in raw wastewater and optimizing multi-mode denitrification pathways. Pan et al − and Ramos et al found that reduced compounds (e.g., SCN – , S 2– , CN – ) and easily degradable organic compounds (e.g., phenols and alkanes) in wastewater can be used as electron donors for denitrification to remove NO 3 – -N and NO 2 – -N. Wang et al investigated the feasibility of resource utilization of internal carbon sources within different wastewater treatment plants and found that primary hydrolysis reactor effluent and treated waste-activated sludge were suitable to be used as denitrification carbon sources and that organic matter after hydrolysis was among the most suitable internal carbon sources for biodegradation. The raw wastewater COD of CWW is about 3880 ± 250 mg L –1 , and the B/C ratio is around 0.5 ± 0.1.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

O/H/H/O Process for Total Nitrogen Removal: An Upgrade of the A/A/O Process for Coking Wastewater Treatment

Chen

et al. 2023

ACS EST Eng.

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For industrial wastewater with high chemical oxygen demand (COD) and nitrogen, traditional wastewater treatment processes fail to achieve stable removal of typical pollutants under the conditions of variable raw water quality and low energy consumption. In this study, a novel pre-and post-physicochemical synergistic oxic−hydrolytic and denitrification−hydrolytic and denitrification−oxic (P2PC-O/H/H/O) process with in situ sludge separation in respective bioreactors was developed, in which signature pollutants and TN were completely removed through an optimized allocation of energy and carbon source. The 180-day full-scale operation showed that optimal removal of COD and TN (with removal rates of 97.5 and 94.5%, respectively) can be obtained at influent loading rates of 1.5−1.7 kg COD (m 3 days) −1 and 0.11−0.13 kg TN (m 3 days) −1 . In this process, O1 reactor ensured organic matter removal and pre-nitrification. Double H (H1 and H2) reactors allowed deep removal of TN through combined and coupled denitrification pathways. O2 reactor consolidated the overall treatment performance through decarbonization and nitrification. By P2PC, the refractory and easily biodegradable total organic carbon (TOC) was separated, achieving a qualitative and fractional utilization of electron donors. Analysis of the microbial community in the whole process indicated that Nitrosomonas (0.7−2.4%) and Nitrospira (0.3−1.7%) played a major role in nitrification. Ottowia (15.4−19.6%) and Limnobacter (1.8−7.4%) dominated in eliminating organic matter. The P2PC-O/H/H/O process with a four-sludge regime enabled a spatial allocation of functional microorganisms. The operation cost of the full-scale process was approximately 1.335 USD m −3 . In short, this P2PC-O/H/H/O process, with high efficiency and stability in signature pollutant removal, will be a promising wastewater treatment technology to revolutionize the existing anaerobic− anoxic−oxic (A/A/O) process, adding a new dimension to industrial wastewater management.

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“…Denitrifying bacteria require an organic carbon source as an electron donor and nitrate as an electron acceptor to reduce nitrate into pollution-free N 2 . However, the lack of a carbon source is a common problem faced by WWTPs, especially in southern China (Wu et al 2011; Wang et al 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bibliometric Analysis of Research Trends Related to Carbon Sources for Nitrogen Removal in Wastewater Treatment

Ni²,

Liu³

et al. 2023

Water Air Soil Pollut

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The low organic carbon content of municipal wastewater weakens the effectiveness of biological nitrogen removal. Here, we review recent trends in carbon sources for nitrogen removal during wastewater treatment. A bibliometric analysis, using the Science Citation Index Expanded database from the Web of Science, was performed to analyze articles published in this eld from 2000 to 2019. The major points are the following: (1) the publications from China ranked 1st, followed by the USA and Japan during the statistical period. In terms of research institutions, the Chinese Academy of Sciences was the largest contributor with the most publications. (2) Based on the trend analysis of keywords, future research hotspots are discussed, showing that of the related research on external carbon sources, the research focus on traditional carbon sources (methanol, ethanol, etc.) has decreased. The research focused on alternative carbon sources, such as sludge hydrolytic acidi cation liquid, fermentation liquid of food waste, agricultural waste, and biodegradable polymers, has increased. (3) New nitrogen removal technologies without external carbon sources, such as anammox is becoming increasingly popular. (4) In the study of nitrogen removal, more attention is paid to the change in the microbial community, and the biological mechanism of nitrogen removal is discussed from a microscopic perspective.

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Application of Internal Carbon Source from Sewage Sludge: A Vital Measure to Improve Nitrogen Removal Efficiency of Low C/N Wastewater

Cited by 19 publications

References 91 publications

Removal of nitrate in raw water using a vertical roughing filter with an external carbon source

Removal of nitrate in raw water using a vertical roughing filter with an external carbon source

O/H/H/O Process for Total Nitrogen Removal: An Upgrade of the A/A/O Process for Coking Wastewater Treatment

Bibliometric Analysis of Research Trends Related to Carbon Sources for Nitrogen Removal in Wastewater Treatment

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